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<p>The assessment of hydrogeological properties of an aquifer system is the benchmark for comprehensive groundwater resource management. This idea was explored in a detailed study in the north-central part of the Bengal Basin. The study area, located in Malda district of West Bengal, has a thick deposit of Quaternary alluvium forming the main aquifer system, lying between 17 and 178&#xa0;m below ground level (mbgl). Another potential aquifer system was identified in the fringe areas. It consists of medium to coarse sands and gravels overlying the metavolcanic rocks of the Garo-Rajmahal province at a depth of 130 to 281 mbgl. The geometry and correlation of aquifers were studied in fifteen Community Development Blocks (CDB) of Malda district to evaluate the aquifer systems' sub-regional hydrodynamic and geophysical characteristics. The exploratory tube wells showed high variation in discharge at the CDB level, ranging from 626.40 to 5034.53 m<sup>3</sup>/day. The field-derived storage coefficient of the shallow aquifer (Aquifer-I) was 9.9 × 10<sup>–2</sup>, indicating the semi-confined nature of the aquifer system. Analysis of the subsurface geologic data in the exploratory and production tube wells revealed that there are two aquifer systems (Aquifer-I and Aquifer-II) in most of the study area, except the southwestern and eastern parts, where a single aquifer system was identified. The regional variation in groundwater level, both seasonal and decadal in Aquifer-I, showed a positive fluctuation, indicating the possibility of controlled groundwater extraction and efficient water use by shallow agri-irrigational tube wells. Interpretation of Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) data showed that the construction of tube wells tapping Aquifer-I and Aquifer-II from 40 to 180 mbgl is feasible in the western and eastern parts. The issues and challenges of sustainable aquifer management through the preparation of block-level aquifer management plans with a participatory approach were discussed. Based on the findings, it is suggested that sustainable aquifer management can be achieved through the convergence of government-sponsored water supply systems and active participation of the stakeholders. Participatory water resources management is the key to ensuring sustainable water supply for drinking, domestic and irrigation purposes and alleviating the prevailing poor socio-economic condition of the rural population.</p>

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Hydrogeological framework and sustainable groundwater management options in the north central part of the Bengal Basin

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月6日

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  • Debasish Bagchi,
  • Aditya Sarkar,
  • Suparna Datta,
  • Anadi Gayen

摘要

The assessment of hydrogeological properties of an aquifer system is the benchmark for comprehensive groundwater resource management. This idea was explored in a detailed study in the north-central part of the Bengal Basin. The study area, located in Malda district of West Bengal, has a thick deposit of Quaternary alluvium forming the main aquifer system, lying between 17 and 178 m below ground level (mbgl). Another potential aquifer system was identified in the fringe areas. It consists of medium to coarse sands and gravels overlying the metavolcanic rocks of the Garo-Rajmahal province at a depth of 130 to 281 mbgl. The geometry and correlation of aquifers were studied in fifteen Community Development Blocks (CDB) of Malda district to evaluate the aquifer systems' sub-regional hydrodynamic and geophysical characteristics. The exploratory tube wells showed high variation in discharge at the CDB level, ranging from 626.40 to 5034.53 m3/day. The field-derived storage coefficient of the shallow aquifer (Aquifer-I) was 9.9 × 10–2, indicating the semi-confined nature of the aquifer system. Analysis of the subsurface geologic data in the exploratory and production tube wells revealed that there are two aquifer systems (Aquifer-I and Aquifer-II) in most of the study area, except the southwestern and eastern parts, where a single aquifer system was identified. The regional variation in groundwater level, both seasonal and decadal in Aquifer-I, showed a positive fluctuation, indicating the possibility of controlled groundwater extraction and efficient water use by shallow agri-irrigational tube wells. Interpretation of Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) data showed that the construction of tube wells tapping Aquifer-I and Aquifer-II from 40 to 180 mbgl is feasible in the western and eastern parts. The issues and challenges of sustainable aquifer management through the preparation of block-level aquifer management plans with a participatory approach were discussed. Based on the findings, it is suggested that sustainable aquifer management can be achieved through the convergence of government-sponsored water supply systems and active participation of the stakeholders. Participatory water resources management is the key to ensuring sustainable water supply for drinking, domestic and irrigation purposes and alleviating the prevailing poor socio-economic condition of the rural population.