<p>Conventional pest management strategies that predominantly rely on chemical pesticides present considerable environmental and health hazards, thereby underscoring the urgent need for sustainable alternatives. The deployment of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) in agriculture provides robust approaches to sustainable pest and disease management, effectively reducing dependency on chemical inputs. Advanced technologies—including remote sensing, Geographic Information Systems, and machine learning are fundamentally transforming precision agriculture by facilitating real-time monitoring and enabling data-driven decision-making processes. This review examines recent advancements in ICT for pest and disease management, with a focus on innovations such as remote sensing, automated smart traps, and decision support systems. The convergence of artificial intelligence and the Internet of Things further illustrates the potential to enhance crop protection. Additionally, early warning systems, such as the Food and Agriculture Organization’s Fall Armyworm Monitoring and Early Warning System, are redefining strategies for real-time monitoring and timely intervention. The discussion also addresses challenges including limited ICT access in rural and developing regions, as well as concerns related to data privacy and cybersecurity. Overall, integrating ICT with sustainable farming practices offers significant potential to reduce chemical inputs, improve pest control efficiency, and enhance global food security. Future developments in AI-driven analytics, cloud-based data-sharing platforms, and digital farmer extension services will be essential for scaling ICT adoption in sustainable crop protection.</p>