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<p>This study investigates the vascular plant diversity of the Ganga River watershed, a 2600&#xa0;km-long vital water system extending from the Himalayas to the Bay of Bengal. The study was conducted along the Ganga River in 2023, with 26 selected sites covering a 10&#xa0;km area on both sides and a 100&#xa0;km distance between each site. Field surveys during pre-monsoon and post-monsoon seasons collected 13,000 plant specimens and identified 1117 species from 660 genera and 152 families. Among these, 876 species were native, and 241 were exotic. Dominant families include Poaceae, Fabaceae, Asteraceae, Malvaceae, and Lamiaceae, with herbaceous species prevalent along the riverbanks. Life-form analysis revealed a "thero-chamaeo-phanerophytic" phytoclimate, with therophytes, chamaephytes, and phanerophytes comprising a significant proportion of documented plants. A comprehensive systematic enumeration of each species' habit, nativity, and life-form is provided. This study highlights the adaptive resilience of the Ganga River ecosystem, shaped by its diverse flora, but underscores pressing conservation challenges, particularly habitat destruction and fragmentation due to urbanization and industrialization. Targeted conservation strategies, addressing habitat degradation, and promoting sustainable biodiversity management, are critical to safeguarding this ecologically and culturally significant watershed for future generations.</p>

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Vascular flora and ecological resilience of the Ganga River watershed: a study from Gomukh to Gangasagar

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年4月1日

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  • Acharya Balkrishna,
  • Ishwar Prakash Sharma,
  • Bhasker Joshi,
  • Amit Kumar,
  • Arun Kumar Kushwaha,
  • Rajesh Kumar Mishra,
  • Inam Mohammad,
  • Vedpriya Arya,
  • Rama Shankar,
  • Anupam Srivastava

摘要

This study investigates the vascular plant diversity of the Ganga River watershed, a 2600 km-long vital water system extending from the Himalayas to the Bay of Bengal. The study was conducted along the Ganga River in 2023, with 26 selected sites covering a 10 km area on both sides and a 100 km distance between each site. Field surveys during pre-monsoon and post-monsoon seasons collected 13,000 plant specimens and identified 1117 species from 660 genera and 152 families. Among these, 876 species were native, and 241 were exotic. Dominant families include Poaceae, Fabaceae, Asteraceae, Malvaceae, and Lamiaceae, with herbaceous species prevalent along the riverbanks. Life-form analysis revealed a "thero-chamaeo-phanerophytic" phytoclimate, with therophytes, chamaephytes, and phanerophytes comprising a significant proportion of documented plants. A comprehensive systematic enumeration of each species' habit, nativity, and life-form is provided. This study highlights the adaptive resilience of the Ganga River ecosystem, shaped by its diverse flora, but underscores pressing conservation challenges, particularly habitat destruction and fragmentation due to urbanization and industrialization. Targeted conservation strategies, addressing habitat degradation, and promoting sustainable biodiversity management, are critical to safeguarding this ecologically and culturally significant watershed for future generations.