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Introduction <p>Traumatic spinal fractures (TSFs) resulting from motor vehicle accidents (MVAs) are a significant contributor to morbidity, often leading to prolonged hospitalization and complex clinical management. Identifying predictors of mortality and extended hospital stay is crucial for optimizing care in trauma centers worldwide.</p> Methods <p>This retrospective, single-center cohort study analyzed 136 patients with TSFs following MVAs, admitted to a Level 1 trauma center between January 2024 and January 2025. Demographic, clinical, and epidemiological variables were collected. Statistical analyses included logistic regression to determine mortality predictors and Poisson regression for factors influencing length of stay (LoS).</p> Results <p>The median age was 42&#xa0;years, and 67.6% of patients were male. The majority of injuries involved car occupants, with pedestrians exhibiting the highest in-hospital mortality (24%). Advanced age and polytrauma emerged as significant independent predictors of mortality (OR 1.04 per year, <i>p</i> = 0.008; OR 3.35, <i>p</i> = 0.033). Prolonged hospitalization was associated with older age (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), presence of polytrauma (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), thoracic spine injury (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), and multisite spinal involvement (<i>p</i> = 0.014). While neurological deficits and treatment modality (surgical vs. conservative) were not significantly associated with outcomes, longer hospital stays among pedestrians suggest injury severity related to unprotected trauma.</p> Conclusion <p>Advanced age, polytrauma, and injury to thoracic or multiple spinal regions are significant predictors of mortality and extended hospitalization in TSF patients post-MVA. The findings highlight the importance of early risk stratification and individualized management strategies in trauma patients, particularly those of advanced age or with multiple injuries. Further multicenter studies incorporating long-term functional outcomes are warranted to inform comprehensive trauma care models.</p> Level of Evidence <p>Level III.</p>

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Length of Hospitalization of Patients with Spinal Trauma Caused by Motor Vehicle Accidents: Retrospective Study from a Level 1 Trauma Center

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月29日

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  • Tulić Ivan,
  • Vasić Milos,
  • Novaković Uros,
  • Perić Jovan,
  • Marković Ksenija,
  • Mladenović Milos,
  • Joksimović Luka,
  • Teodosić Valerija,
  • Zagorac Slavisa

摘要

Introduction

Traumatic spinal fractures (TSFs) resulting from motor vehicle accidents (MVAs) are a significant contributor to morbidity, often leading to prolonged hospitalization and complex clinical management. Identifying predictors of mortality and extended hospital stay is crucial for optimizing care in trauma centers worldwide.

Methods

This retrospective, single-center cohort study analyzed 136 patients with TSFs following MVAs, admitted to a Level 1 trauma center between January 2024 and January 2025. Demographic, clinical, and epidemiological variables were collected. Statistical analyses included logistic regression to determine mortality predictors and Poisson regression for factors influencing length of stay (LoS).

Results

The median age was 42 years, and 67.6% of patients were male. The majority of injuries involved car occupants, with pedestrians exhibiting the highest in-hospital mortality (24%). Advanced age and polytrauma emerged as significant independent predictors of mortality (OR 1.04 per year, p = 0.008; OR 3.35, p = 0.033). Prolonged hospitalization was associated with older age (p < 0.001), presence of polytrauma (p < 0.001), thoracic spine injury (p < 0.001), and multisite spinal involvement (p = 0.014). While neurological deficits and treatment modality (surgical vs. conservative) were not significantly associated with outcomes, longer hospital stays among pedestrians suggest injury severity related to unprotected trauma.

Conclusion

Advanced age, polytrauma, and injury to thoracic or multiple spinal regions are significant predictors of mortality and extended hospitalization in TSF patients post-MVA. The findings highlight the importance of early risk stratification and individualized management strategies in trauma patients, particularly those of advanced age or with multiple injuries. Further multicenter studies incorporating long-term functional outcomes are warranted to inform comprehensive trauma care models.

Level of Evidence

Level III.