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Background and Objectives <p>The primary aim of this study was to evaluate ultrasound findings of the thenar eminence muscles in patients with trapeziometacarpal osteoarthritis, compared to asymptomatic controls. Additionally, the study sought to assess the relationship between these findings, hand strength measurements, and pain levels in these patients.</p> Materials and Methods <p>This cross-sectional study included 22 postmenopausal women with trapeziometacarpal osteoarthritis and 21 age- and hand dominance-matched healthy controls. The thickness of the flexor pollicis brevis, abductor pollicis brevis, opponens pollicis, adductor pollicis, and first dorsal interosseous muscles was evaluated using ultrasound. Pain pressure thresholds of dominant and non-dominant hands were assessed with an algometer, while handgrip and lateral pinch strengths were measured using a dynamometer and lateral pinch gauge.</p> Results <p>A total of 43 postmenopausal women were included, with 86 thumbs measured: 32 affected by arthritis and 54 healthy. Significant differences in adductor pollicis muscle thickness (β = −0.138, 95% CI [−0.226, −0.050], <i>p</i> = 0.003), opponens pollicis muscle thickness (β = −0.176, 95% CI [−0.266, −0.086], p &lt; 0.001), lateral pinch strength (β = −2.64, 95% CI [−3.845, −1.435], <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), hand grip strength (β = −3.958, 95% CI [−5.945, −1.972], <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), and pain pressure threshold (β = −3.73, 95% CI [−5.336, −2.124], <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) were found, with lower values in the trapeziometacarpal osteoarthritis group. The radiographic trapeziometacarpal osteoarthritis stage, particularly early osteoarthritis, was significantly associated with reduced lateral pinch strength (β = −2.84, 95% CI [−4.08, −1.59], <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). Moreover, all stages were significantly associated with lower hand grip strength values (for early stages, β = −3.93, 95% CI [−6.06, −2.29], <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001, for advanced stages, β = −3.98, 95% CI [−8.27, −1.23], <i>p</i> = 0.009) and pain pressure threshold (for early stages,&#xa0;β = −3.70, 95% CI [−5.23, −2.17], <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001, for advanced stages, β = −2.87, 95% CI [−5.65, −0.09], <i>p</i> = 0.045). Flexor pollicis brevis profundus muscle thickness substantially affects the pain pressure threshold (β = −5.37, 95% CI [−9.78, −0.97], <i>p</i> = 0.017).</p> Conclusions <p>Ultrasound showed a decrease in the thickness of the adductor pollicis and opponens pollicis muscles, which may reflect changes related to the disease process. Hand strength and pain thresholds were associated with radiographic stage. In addition, the flexor pollicis brevis profundus muscle thickness was related to pain pressure threshold, indicating a possible relationship between muscle structure and pain perception.</p>

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The Association Between Ultrasound Findings of Thumb Muscles, Handgrip Strength, and Pain Threshold in Thumb Carpometacarpal Osteoarthritis: A Cross-Sectional Study

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月13日

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  • Gulcan Ozturk,
  • Duygu Silte Karamanlioglu,
  • Pinar Akpinar,
  • Feyza Akan Begoglu,
  • Feyza Unlu Ozkan,
  • Ilknur Aktas

摘要

Background and Objectives

The primary aim of this study was to evaluate ultrasound findings of the thenar eminence muscles in patients with trapeziometacarpal osteoarthritis, compared to asymptomatic controls. Additionally, the study sought to assess the relationship between these findings, hand strength measurements, and pain levels in these patients.

Materials and Methods

This cross-sectional study included 22 postmenopausal women with trapeziometacarpal osteoarthritis and 21 age- and hand dominance-matched healthy controls. The thickness of the flexor pollicis brevis, abductor pollicis brevis, opponens pollicis, adductor pollicis, and first dorsal interosseous muscles was evaluated using ultrasound. Pain pressure thresholds of dominant and non-dominant hands were assessed with an algometer, while handgrip and lateral pinch strengths were measured using a dynamometer and lateral pinch gauge.

Results

A total of 43 postmenopausal women were included, with 86 thumbs measured: 32 affected by arthritis and 54 healthy. Significant differences in adductor pollicis muscle thickness (β = −0.138, 95% CI [−0.226, −0.050], p = 0.003), opponens pollicis muscle thickness (β = −0.176, 95% CI [−0.266, −0.086], p < 0.001), lateral pinch strength (β = −2.64, 95% CI [−3.845, −1.435], p < 0.001), hand grip strength (β = −3.958, 95% CI [−5.945, −1.972], p < 0.001), and pain pressure threshold (β = −3.73, 95% CI [−5.336, −2.124], p < 0.001) were found, with lower values in the trapeziometacarpal osteoarthritis group. The radiographic trapeziometacarpal osteoarthritis stage, particularly early osteoarthritis, was significantly associated with reduced lateral pinch strength (β = −2.84, 95% CI [−4.08, −1.59], p < 0.001). Moreover, all stages were significantly associated with lower hand grip strength values (for early stages, β = −3.93, 95% CI [−6.06, −2.29], p < 0.001, for advanced stages, β = −3.98, 95% CI [−8.27, −1.23], p = 0.009) and pain pressure threshold (for early stages, β = −3.70, 95% CI [−5.23, −2.17], p < 0.001, for advanced stages, β = −2.87, 95% CI [−5.65, −0.09], p = 0.045). Flexor pollicis brevis profundus muscle thickness substantially affects the pain pressure threshold (β = −5.37, 95% CI [−9.78, −0.97], p = 0.017).

Conclusions

Ultrasound showed a decrease in the thickness of the adductor pollicis and opponens pollicis muscles, which may reflect changes related to the disease process. Hand strength and pain thresholds were associated with radiographic stage. In addition, the flexor pollicis brevis profundus muscle thickness was related to pain pressure threshold, indicating a possible relationship between muscle structure and pain perception.