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<p>This study proposed a modification strategy by replacing silica sand with waste ceramsite particles (CP) and investigated the anisotropic mechanical behavior and ductility enhancement mechanisms of 3DP-HS-ECC. Results showed that after replacement, the 3DP-HS-ECC still exhibited anisotropy, with compressive strengths along the X, Y, and Z axes decreased from 104.1&#xa0;MPa, 88.71&#xa0;MPa, and 99.72&#xa0;MPa to 94.27&#xa0;MPa, 80.43&#xa0;MPa, and 87.6&#xa0;MPa, respectively. The incorporation of CP increased the flaw-inducing effect, raising the probability of active flaws initiation from less than 1% to over 30%, and up to 67.41%, and improved the tensile strain capacity under different printing orientations. Particularly, when the printing direction was perpendicular to the tensile direction (θ = 90°), ductility increased from 0.1% to 0.68%, indicating a transition from brittle to ductile failure. Microscopically, CP as artificial flaws effectively reduced critical flaw size and increased crack numbers, promoting multiple cracking under tensile loading. This study provides theoretical insights for optimizing the mechanical performance of 3DP-HS-ECC and expanding its application in complex structural 3D printing.</p>

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Anisotropic mechanical performance and enhanced ductility mechanism in 3D printable high-strength ECC (3DP-HS-ECC) via waste ceramsite particles-induced artificial flaws

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月23日

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  • Chenyu Lu,
  • Qiang Shen,
  • Jamal A. Abdalla,
  • Rami A. Hawileh,
  • Zhigang Zhang

摘要

This study proposed a modification strategy by replacing silica sand with waste ceramsite particles (CP) and investigated the anisotropic mechanical behavior and ductility enhancement mechanisms of 3DP-HS-ECC. Results showed that after replacement, the 3DP-HS-ECC still exhibited anisotropy, with compressive strengths along the X, Y, and Z axes decreased from 104.1 MPa, 88.71 MPa, and 99.72 MPa to 94.27 MPa, 80.43 MPa, and 87.6 MPa, respectively. The incorporation of CP increased the flaw-inducing effect, raising the probability of active flaws initiation from less than 1% to over 30%, and up to 67.41%, and improved the tensile strain capacity under different printing orientations. Particularly, when the printing direction was perpendicular to the tensile direction (θ = 90°), ductility increased from 0.1% to 0.68%, indicating a transition from brittle to ductile failure. Microscopically, CP as artificial flaws effectively reduced critical flaw size and increased crack numbers, promoting multiple cracking under tensile loading. This study provides theoretical insights for optimizing the mechanical performance of 3DP-HS-ECC and expanding its application in complex structural 3D printing.