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<p>Ti/Al clad plates were fabricated utilizing an innovative twin-roll casting technique incorporating roll vibration. To achieve superior mechanical properties, the as-cast materials were subsequently subjected to annealing. This study systematically investigates the individual and synergistic effects of vibration and annealing on the mechanical performance and microstructural evolution, elucidating the underlying strengthening mechanisms. The material produced via roll vibration exhibited significantly enhanced tensile properties, with yield strength (σ<sub>s</sub>) and ultimate tensile strength (σ<sub>b</sub>) reaching 83.74&#xa0;MPa and 112.82&#xa0;MPa, respectively—corresponding to increases of approximately 19% and 13% over the conventional cast-rolling material (σ<sub>s</sub> = 70.41&#xa0;MPa, σ<sub>b</sub> = 99.97&#xa0;MPa). After annealing, the elongation was notably improved by 31.03% (from 0.58 to 0.76), collectively yielding a more balanced strength–ductility synergy. Integrated fractographic and interfacial analyses confirm that roll‑vibration fundamentally alters both fracture morphology and interfacial structure. The process converts irregular tear ridges and shear dimples—typical of conventional twin‑roll casting—into a uniform, honeycomb‑like network of equiaxed dimples. Simultaneously, at the titanium‑side interface, originally smooth regions with linearly aligned aluminum are replaced by coarse, blocky aluminum constituents. Annealing further refines the microstructure, deepening and densifying the equiaxed dimples, fragmenting the coarse aluminum into finer discrete domains, and homogenizing the interfacial topography, thereby markedly improving interfacial cohesion. Phase analysis confirmed that the interface of the as-cast composite consisted solely of titanium and aluminum. After annealing, a distinct intermetallic compound (IMC) layer formed at the interface, which was identified as Al₃Ti. The annealing process facilitates a fundamental transition in the composite’s bonding mode—from a “direct adhesion” between two phases via mechanical interlocking to a “transitional adhesion” mediated by a three-phase system including the IMC layer. This evolution in the composite architecture is identified as the primary reason for the enhanced microstructural quality and overall material performance.</p>

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Effects of annealing and roll vibration on fracture analysis and microstructure of Ti/Al clad plates by twin-roll casting

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月24日

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  • Li Li,
  • Fengshan Du,
  • Weimin Liu,
  • Zhe Cui,
  • Junfei Zhang

摘要

Ti/Al clad plates were fabricated utilizing an innovative twin-roll casting technique incorporating roll vibration. To achieve superior mechanical properties, the as-cast materials were subsequently subjected to annealing. This study systematically investigates the individual and synergistic effects of vibration and annealing on the mechanical performance and microstructural evolution, elucidating the underlying strengthening mechanisms. The material produced via roll vibration exhibited significantly enhanced tensile properties, with yield strength (σs) and ultimate tensile strength (σb) reaching 83.74 MPa and 112.82 MPa, respectively—corresponding to increases of approximately 19% and 13% over the conventional cast-rolling material (σs = 70.41 MPa, σb = 99.97 MPa). After annealing, the elongation was notably improved by 31.03% (from 0.58 to 0.76), collectively yielding a more balanced strength–ductility synergy. Integrated fractographic and interfacial analyses confirm that roll‑vibration fundamentally alters both fracture morphology and interfacial structure. The process converts irregular tear ridges and shear dimples—typical of conventional twin‑roll casting—into a uniform, honeycomb‑like network of equiaxed dimples. Simultaneously, at the titanium‑side interface, originally smooth regions with linearly aligned aluminum are replaced by coarse, blocky aluminum constituents. Annealing further refines the microstructure, deepening and densifying the equiaxed dimples, fragmenting the coarse aluminum into finer discrete domains, and homogenizing the interfacial topography, thereby markedly improving interfacial cohesion. Phase analysis confirmed that the interface of the as-cast composite consisted solely of titanium and aluminum. After annealing, a distinct intermetallic compound (IMC) layer formed at the interface, which was identified as Al₃Ti. The annealing process facilitates a fundamental transition in the composite’s bonding mode—from a “direct adhesion” between two phases via mechanical interlocking to a “transitional adhesion” mediated by a three-phase system including the IMC layer. This evolution in the composite architecture is identified as the primary reason for the enhanced microstructural quality and overall material performance.