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<p>This study addresses the critical issue of brittle failure in concrete under impact loading by systematically investigating the dynamic mechanical properties and toughening mechanisms of basalt fiber-reinforced concrete (BFRC). A multi-scale approach combining experimental and numerical methods was employed, including split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) impact tests, digital image correlation (DIC) for full-field strain monitoring, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) for microstructural observation, and multi-scale numerical simulations using ABAQUS/CAE 2021 with the LS-DYNA R11 (2019) solver. The results demonstrate that with a basalt fiber (BF) volume fraction of 0.2%, the dynamic compressive strength of BFRC increases by an average of 35%, the impact toughness improves by 87%, and the fractal dimension reaches its lowest value. The failure mode transitions from pulverization to predominantly large fragment fracture. DIC analysis reveals that fiber incorporation significantly improves the uniformity of the displacement field. SEM observations identify the formation of a “coral-like” micro-nano structure on nano-SiO₂(NS) modified fiber surfaces, which effectively enhances the fiber-matrix interfacial bonding. Numerical simulations verify the synergistic interaction between the cement matrix, aggregate, and fibers, quantifying their respective contributions to energy absorption as 68% from the cement matrix, 26% from the aggregate, and 6% from the fibers. It is further confirmed that fibers oriented perpendicular (90°) to the crack direction provide the most effective toughening. This study establishes a comprehensive research framework linking “macro-dynamic response, meso-damage evolution, micro-interfacial mechanisms, and numerical quantification,” providing theoretical basis and technical support for the design and application of high-impact-resistance concrete structures.</p>

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Dynamic behavior of basalt fiber-reinforced concrete: from macro- to meso- to micro-scale experiments and numerical simulation

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月14日

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  • Duo Li,
  • Changxing Zhu,
  • Huazhe Jiao,
  • Xinming Chen,
  • Jiaqi Guo

摘要

This study addresses the critical issue of brittle failure in concrete under impact loading by systematically investigating the dynamic mechanical properties and toughening mechanisms of basalt fiber-reinforced concrete (BFRC). A multi-scale approach combining experimental and numerical methods was employed, including split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) impact tests, digital image correlation (DIC) for full-field strain monitoring, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) for microstructural observation, and multi-scale numerical simulations using ABAQUS/CAE 2021 with the LS-DYNA R11 (2019) solver. The results demonstrate that with a basalt fiber (BF) volume fraction of 0.2%, the dynamic compressive strength of BFRC increases by an average of 35%, the impact toughness improves by 87%, and the fractal dimension reaches its lowest value. The failure mode transitions from pulverization to predominantly large fragment fracture. DIC analysis reveals that fiber incorporation significantly improves the uniformity of the displacement field. SEM observations identify the formation of a “coral-like” micro-nano structure on nano-SiO₂(NS) modified fiber surfaces, which effectively enhances the fiber-matrix interfacial bonding. Numerical simulations verify the synergistic interaction between the cement matrix, aggregate, and fibers, quantifying their respective contributions to energy absorption as 68% from the cement matrix, 26% from the aggregate, and 6% from the fibers. It is further confirmed that fibers oriented perpendicular (90°) to the crack direction provide the most effective toughening. This study establishes a comprehensive research framework linking “macro-dynamic response, meso-damage evolution, micro-interfacial mechanisms, and numerical quantification,” providing theoretical basis and technical support for the design and application of high-impact-resistance concrete structures.