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<p>The development of durable ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC) is obligatory for enhanced safety and sustainability This study presents a novel approach to enhance durability of UHPC by incorporation of optimized hybrid combination of nanosilica (NS) and nanoclay (NC) using modified particle packing technique based on the Andersen and Andreasen model. Unlike previous studies that typically focus on single-type nanomaterial incorporation, this research uniquely demonstrates synergistic and complementary interaction between NS and NC, which significantly improves resistance of UHPC to aggressive environments. Various mixes are designed with 1%, 2%, and 3% additions of NS, NC, and their hybrid combinations. The hybrid mixes with 2% NS and 2% NC exhibit the most superior performance, with the lowest water absorption (0.45%), sorptivity (0.0000167&#xa0;mm/min<sup>0.5</sup>), and volume of permeable voids (2.59%), which indicates highly refined pore structure. In addition, low chloride ion permeability of about 47 Coulombs is recorded with the hybrid mix recipe. Under exposure to hydrochloric acid, sulphuric acid, and marine environments, optimal hybrid mix (2% NS and 2% NC) shows minimal mass and strength loss up to 1.1% and 2.4%, respectively, over 90&#xa0;days owing to the robust calcium silicate hydrate (C–S–H) matrix formed through pozzolanic reactivity. SEM and XRD analyses further confirmed reduced ettringite formation, dense hydration products, and presence of acid-resistant minerals such as dolomite and hauyne. The findings establish hybrid use of NS and NC as cost-effective and technically viable pathway for advancing chemical durability of UHPC for long-term and large-scale applications. </p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Transport and chemical resistance attributes of ultra-high-performance concrete with hybrid nanomaterials: prompting next normal in UHPC for safety and sustainability

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月10日

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  • S. Indhumathi,
  • A. Dinesh,
  • S. Praveen Kumar,
  • Moorthi Pichumani

摘要

The development of durable ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC) is obligatory for enhanced safety and sustainability This study presents a novel approach to enhance durability of UHPC by incorporation of optimized hybrid combination of nanosilica (NS) and nanoclay (NC) using modified particle packing technique based on the Andersen and Andreasen model. Unlike previous studies that typically focus on single-type nanomaterial incorporation, this research uniquely demonstrates synergistic and complementary interaction between NS and NC, which significantly improves resistance of UHPC to aggressive environments. Various mixes are designed with 1%, 2%, and 3% additions of NS, NC, and their hybrid combinations. The hybrid mixes with 2% NS and 2% NC exhibit the most superior performance, with the lowest water absorption (0.45%), sorptivity (0.0000167 mm/min0.5), and volume of permeable voids (2.59%), which indicates highly refined pore structure. In addition, low chloride ion permeability of about 47 Coulombs is recorded with the hybrid mix recipe. Under exposure to hydrochloric acid, sulphuric acid, and marine environments, optimal hybrid mix (2% NS and 2% NC) shows minimal mass and strength loss up to 1.1% and 2.4%, respectively, over 90 days owing to the robust calcium silicate hydrate (C–S–H) matrix formed through pozzolanic reactivity. SEM and XRD analyses further confirmed reduced ettringite formation, dense hydration products, and presence of acid-resistant minerals such as dolomite and hauyne. The findings establish hybrid use of NS and NC as cost-effective and technically viable pathway for advancing chemical durability of UHPC for long-term and large-scale applications.

Graphical abstract