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<p>Shotcrete is a widely used material for tunneling engineering due to its multiple advantages including formwork-free pouring, fast setting and hardening, and convenient construction technology. The extensive application of shotcrete in engineering has evolved many challenges such as pipe plugging, inadequate build-up thickness, high rebound loss, and poor early strength, which significantly affect its engineering application and economics. The key to solving these challenges lies in improving shotcrete shootability upfront. To advance the understanding and development of this research field, this paper first reviews the definition of shotcrete shootability based on concrete performance changes during the spraying process. Then, the characterization methods of shotcrete shootability were analyzed with a focus on rebound loss. Finally, the factors influencing shotcrete shootability were discussed and measures for improvement were highlighted. This review aims to offer new insights and attract the attention of researchers to facilitate the development of shotcrete process technology.</p>

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Characterization methods and improvement strategies of shotcrete shootability: a systematic review

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年1月31日

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  • Chenglong Yu,
  • Xiaojie Chen,
  • Yi Tian,
  • Mustapha Jamaa Garba,
  • Xiaofeng Zhou,
  • Zonglin Xie,
  • Qiang Yuan

摘要

Shotcrete is a widely used material for tunneling engineering due to its multiple advantages including formwork-free pouring, fast setting and hardening, and convenient construction technology. The extensive application of shotcrete in engineering has evolved many challenges such as pipe plugging, inadequate build-up thickness, high rebound loss, and poor early strength, which significantly affect its engineering application and economics. The key to solving these challenges lies in improving shotcrete shootability upfront. To advance the understanding and development of this research field, this paper first reviews the definition of shotcrete shootability based on concrete performance changes during the spraying process. Then, the characterization methods of shotcrete shootability were analyzed with a focus on rebound loss. Finally, the factors influencing shotcrete shootability were discussed and measures for improvement were highlighted. This review aims to offer new insights and attract the attention of researchers to facilitate the development of shotcrete process technology.