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<p>Hawrāmān (or Avromān) is a region in the west of Iran between Kurdistan and Kermanshah provinces and northeast of Kurdistan Region in Iraq. This area is considered a national reserve with significant knowledge on the application of medicinal plants for the treatment of human diseases. However, there is little information about the plants used by local healers in Hawrāmān. The aim of the present study was to collect ethnobotanical data of the Hawrāmān region which lasted from 2022 to 2024. A total of 93 local healers were interviewed by an open-ended questionnaire. In the current study, 202 plant species from 67 families were reported to be used in the treatment of different diseases. Most medicinal plants belonged to the Apiaceae, Lamiaceae, Asteraceae, and Rosaceae families. A total of 5446 use reports were documented, covering 96 ailments that were classified into 16 health disorder categories. The most cited diseases with the highest use report were gastrointestinal, dermatological, and respiratory disorders. The most frequently cited plant species were <i>Quercus brantii</i>, <i>Quercus infectoria</i>, <i>Artemisia haussknechtii</i>, <i>Thymus</i> spp., <i>Crataegus azarolus</i> var. <i>aronia</i>, <i>Citrullus lanatus</i>, <i>Tribulus terrestris</i>, <i>Cichorium intybus</i>, <i>Mentha spicata</i>, <i>Anthemis arvensis</i>, <i>Pistacia atlantica</i>, and <i>Solanum tuberosum</i>. Based on this study, Kurdish ethnobotany represents a coherent and flexible knowledge system and documentation of such knowledge seems crucial. Performing clinical trials and safety studies to assess the efficacy and safety of the mentioned plants in the treatment of various diseases is highly recommended.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Ethnobotanical Study of Indigenous Medicinal Plants of Hawrāmān Region, Kurdistan and Kermanshah Provinces, Iran

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月22日

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  • Mahfouz Advay,
  • Leila Mohtashami,
  • Maryam Akaberi,
  • Faegheh Farhadi,
  • Seyed Ahmad Emami

摘要

Hawrāmān (or Avromān) is a region in the west of Iran between Kurdistan and Kermanshah provinces and northeast of Kurdistan Region in Iraq. This area is considered a national reserve with significant knowledge on the application of medicinal plants for the treatment of human diseases. However, there is little information about the plants used by local healers in Hawrāmān. The aim of the present study was to collect ethnobotanical data of the Hawrāmān region which lasted from 2022 to 2024. A total of 93 local healers were interviewed by an open-ended questionnaire. In the current study, 202 plant species from 67 families were reported to be used in the treatment of different diseases. Most medicinal plants belonged to the Apiaceae, Lamiaceae, Asteraceae, and Rosaceae families. A total of 5446 use reports were documented, covering 96 ailments that were classified into 16 health disorder categories. The most cited diseases with the highest use report were gastrointestinal, dermatological, and respiratory disorders. The most frequently cited plant species were Quercus brantii, Quercus infectoria, Artemisia haussknechtii, Thymus spp., Crataegus azarolus var. aronia, Citrullus lanatus, Tribulus terrestris, Cichorium intybus, Mentha spicata, Anthemis arvensis, Pistacia atlantica, and Solanum tuberosum. Based on this study, Kurdish ethnobotany represents a coherent and flexible knowledge system and documentation of such knowledge seems crucial. Performing clinical trials and safety studies to assess the efficacy and safety of the mentioned plants in the treatment of various diseases is highly recommended.

Graphical Abstract