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<p>Chronic kidney disease is an emerging health crisis with an increased mortality rate and is associated with severe cardiovascular complications. Hypertension, hyperglycemia, and glomerular injury are the prime determinants of this disease condition. The common etiopathological basis of this disease includes inflammation, fibrosis, and oxidative stress. Despite advances in disease management, achieving a complete cure remains challenging. This review aims to identify plant-derived bioactive compounds with nephroprotective activity to explore their interactions with underexplored chronic kidney disease molecular targets. A comprehensive review of databases, including Scopus, Clarivate, PubMed, Embase, and Google Scholar, was conducted to identify phytocompounds that were found to interact with emerging renal targets. These include sirtuins, matrix metalloproteinases, nuclear factor erythroid 2–related factor 2, klotho, and uromodulin. Moreover, network pharmacology tools, including DisGenet, Enrichr-KG, Swiss Target Prediction, GeneCards, and Cytoscape, were used to map interactions between selected phytochemicals and targets. The review highlights the potential of phytocompounds to modulate key pathological processes involved in this disease progression and also emphasizes their value in advancing precision-based therapies as adjuvant treatment. Additionally, the absence of curative therapy reinforces the need to prioritize targeted precision treatment and regenerative strategies. Future research should emphasize advances in regenerative medicine, protein-based interventions, and gene-guided precision approaches to propel the evolution of restorative nephrology care.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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The Role of Biomolecules in the Modulation of Emerging Therapeutic Targets in Chronic Kidney Disease

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月15日

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  • Keerthana Devi Myilsamy,
  • Sajeev Kumar Babasahib

摘要

Chronic kidney disease is an emerging health crisis with an increased mortality rate and is associated with severe cardiovascular complications. Hypertension, hyperglycemia, and glomerular injury are the prime determinants of this disease condition. The common etiopathological basis of this disease includes inflammation, fibrosis, and oxidative stress. Despite advances in disease management, achieving a complete cure remains challenging. This review aims to identify plant-derived bioactive compounds with nephroprotective activity to explore their interactions with underexplored chronic kidney disease molecular targets. A comprehensive review of databases, including Scopus, Clarivate, PubMed, Embase, and Google Scholar, was conducted to identify phytocompounds that were found to interact with emerging renal targets. These include sirtuins, matrix metalloproteinases, nuclear factor erythroid 2–related factor 2, klotho, and uromodulin. Moreover, network pharmacology tools, including DisGenet, Enrichr-KG, Swiss Target Prediction, GeneCards, and Cytoscape, were used to map interactions between selected phytochemicals and targets. The review highlights the potential of phytocompounds to modulate key pathological processes involved in this disease progression and also emphasizes their value in advancing precision-based therapies as adjuvant treatment. Additionally, the absence of curative therapy reinforces the need to prioritize targeted precision treatment and regenerative strategies. Future research should emphasize advances in regenerative medicine, protein-based interventions, and gene-guided precision approaches to propel the evolution of restorative nephrology care.

Graphical Abstract