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<p><i>Bidens</i><i> pilosa</i> L., <i>Bidens alba</i> (L.) DC., and <i>Bidens subalternans</i> DC., Asteraceae, are often misidentified because of their morphological similarities. The present study provides a comparative analysis of the morpho-anatomical characteristics, histochemical, and chemical fingerprints obtained by liquid chromatography mass spectrometry for these three species. Light microscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy were used to characterize diagnostic structures. Histochemical assays and LC-MS were applied to obtain chemical information from leaf, stem, and root extracts, and multivariate chemometrics including principal component analysis were used to classify the datasets. The morpho-anatomical and histochemical analysis allowed the identification and differentiation of the three species; also, the LC-MS analysis revealed that the main compounds in <i>Bidens</i> extracts are phenolics, and using chemometrics methods was possible to discriminate by species and plant parts. Together, these complementary approaches provide a robust basis for distinguishing closely related <i>Bidens</i> species and support more reliable pharmacognostic identification.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Exploring Anatomical and Chemical Markers to Characterize and Differentiate Among Bidens Species

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月30日

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  • Carolina Sabedotti,
  • Isabella da Silveira,
  • Izabel Pietczak Migacz,
  • Luiza Stolz Cruz,
  • Ana Carolina Terso Ventura,
  • Paulo Vitor Farago,
  • Claudio Augusto Mondin,
  • Vijayasankar Raman,
  • Edy Sousa de Brito,
  • Paulo Riceli Vasconcelos Ribeiro,
  • Flávio Luís Beltrame,
  • Jane Manfron

摘要

Bidens pilosa L., Bidens alba (L.) DC., and Bidens subalternans DC., Asteraceae, are often misidentified because of their morphological similarities. The present study provides a comparative analysis of the morpho-anatomical characteristics, histochemical, and chemical fingerprints obtained by liquid chromatography mass spectrometry for these three species. Light microscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy were used to characterize diagnostic structures. Histochemical assays and LC-MS were applied to obtain chemical information from leaf, stem, and root extracts, and multivariate chemometrics including principal component analysis were used to classify the datasets. The morpho-anatomical and histochemical analysis allowed the identification and differentiation of the three species; also, the LC-MS analysis revealed that the main compounds in Bidens extracts are phenolics, and using chemometrics methods was possible to discriminate by species and plant parts. Together, these complementary approaches provide a robust basis for distinguishing closely related Bidens species and support more reliable pharmacognostic identification.

Graphical Abstract