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Purpose <p>The six-minute walk test (6MWT) measures aerobic function, but normative values for early-onset scoliosis (EOS) do not exist. This study assesses 1) 6MWT distances for children with EOS and standard deviations [SD] from age- and sex-matched normal controls, and 2) correlations between 6MWT and pulmonary function tests (PFTs).</p> Methods <p>We performed a retrospective review of 6MWTs administered at a single institution from 2012 to 2023. PFTs were obtained: Forced vital capacity (FVC) percent (%) and forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) %.</p> Results <p>163 ambulatory children with EOS whose average age was 10.7 ± 3.7&#xa0;years (range: 3.6–18 yrs) performed a 6MWT. There were 80 congenital (C), 37 idiopathic (I), 17 neuromuscular (N) and 28 syndromic (S) children with curves averaging 69° ± 28°. Only 12% (20/163) walked within 1 SD of the mean. C/I walked farther than N/S (440&#xa0;m vs. 373&#xa0;m, <i>p</i> = 0.004) and demonstrated 6MWT SD’s closer to controls (−3.0 vs. −3.9, <i>p</i> = 0.009). However, they still walked 150&#xa0;m to 288&#xa0;m less than controls depending on age and sex (well above the clinically important difference). 6MWT distance correlated with FEV1% (<i>r</i> = 0.29, <i>p</i> = 0.001) and FVC% (<i>r</i> = 0.27, <i>p</i> = 0.003).</p> Conclusions <p>The 6MWT is an objective measure of functional community ambulation that correlates with PFTs in EOS patients. C/I performs closer to controls than N/S but demonstrate clinically significant aerobic functional compromise when compared to age- and sex-matched controls. The lack of objective functional data limits our understanding of treatment efficacy for EOS. Multi-center prospective research is warranted.</p>

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Six-minute walk test and pulmonary function in ambulatory children with early-onset scoliosis

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月16日

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  • Karina A. Zapata,
  • Charles E. Johnston,
  • Tiffany H. Thompson,
  • Hayley B. Shelton,
  • Chan-Hee Jo,
  • Amy L. McIntosh

摘要

Purpose

The six-minute walk test (6MWT) measures aerobic function, but normative values for early-onset scoliosis (EOS) do not exist. This study assesses 1) 6MWT distances for children with EOS and standard deviations [SD] from age- and sex-matched normal controls, and 2) correlations between 6MWT and pulmonary function tests (PFTs).

Methods

We performed a retrospective review of 6MWTs administered at a single institution from 2012 to 2023. PFTs were obtained: Forced vital capacity (FVC) percent (%) and forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) %.

Results

163 ambulatory children with EOS whose average age was 10.7 ± 3.7 years (range: 3.6–18 yrs) performed a 6MWT. There were 80 congenital (C), 37 idiopathic (I), 17 neuromuscular (N) and 28 syndromic (S) children with curves averaging 69° ± 28°. Only 12% (20/163) walked within 1 SD of the mean. C/I walked farther than N/S (440 m vs. 373 m, p = 0.004) and demonstrated 6MWT SD’s closer to controls (−3.0 vs. −3.9, p = 0.009). However, they still walked 150 m to 288 m less than controls depending on age and sex (well above the clinically important difference). 6MWT distance correlated with FEV1% (r = 0.29, p = 0.001) and FVC% (r = 0.27, p = 0.003).

Conclusions

The 6MWT is an objective measure of functional community ambulation that correlates with PFTs in EOS patients. C/I performs closer to controls than N/S but demonstrate clinically significant aerobic functional compromise when compared to age- and sex-matched controls. The lack of objective functional data limits our understanding of treatment efficacy for EOS. Multi-center prospective research is warranted.