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<p>To overcome the limitations of conventional dual-loop proportional–integral (PI) control in modular multilevel converter (MMC) grid-connected systems, including poor disturbance rejection and inadequate dynamic performance, this study proposes a dual-loop control strategy that combines an outer-loop fuzzy PI controller with an inner-loop passivity-based super-twisting sliding mode controller. First, the MMC topology is analyzed and its mathematical model is derived. Subsequently, the dual-loop control framework is designed. Fuzzy control is incorporated into the power outer loop to dynamically adjust the PI parameters for adaptive error regulation. For the current inner loop, a passive controller is designed for MMC using passivity theory, enhanced by super-twisting sliding mode control to suppress chattering effects and to address the inherent weaknesses of passive control, including limited disturbance rejection capability and stringent system precision requirements. This synthesis significantly enhances system robustness and response speed under a wide range of operating conditions. Finally, simulation and experimental results under various grid-connection scenarios demonstrate that the proposed method achieves a faster transient response, reduced power fluctuations, and enhanced grid-current stability compared with conventional dual-loop PI control and passivity-based sliding mode control, thereby confirming its effectiveness.</p>

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Fuzzy PI-passive STSMC for MMC grid-connected systems

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月26日

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  • Shuxi Liu,
  • Zhen Wang

摘要

To overcome the limitations of conventional dual-loop proportional–integral (PI) control in modular multilevel converter (MMC) grid-connected systems, including poor disturbance rejection and inadequate dynamic performance, this study proposes a dual-loop control strategy that combines an outer-loop fuzzy PI controller with an inner-loop passivity-based super-twisting sliding mode controller. First, the MMC topology is analyzed and its mathematical model is derived. Subsequently, the dual-loop control framework is designed. Fuzzy control is incorporated into the power outer loop to dynamically adjust the PI parameters for adaptive error regulation. For the current inner loop, a passive controller is designed for MMC using passivity theory, enhanced by super-twisting sliding mode control to suppress chattering effects and to address the inherent weaknesses of passive control, including limited disturbance rejection capability and stringent system precision requirements. This synthesis significantly enhances system robustness and response speed under a wide range of operating conditions. Finally, simulation and experimental results under various grid-connection scenarios demonstrate that the proposed method achieves a faster transient response, reduced power fluctuations, and enhanced grid-current stability compared with conventional dual-loop PI control and passivity-based sliding mode control, thereby confirming its effectiveness.