<p>The proximity to river channels significantly influences the distribution of lacustrine sediments, as these channels act as primary conduits for sediment transport. The current study was conducted to understand the seasonal effects of six river influxes on Vembanad Lake sediment texture. A comparison of two seasons—the pre-monsoon season in March 2023 and the post-monsoon season in September 2023—was used to examine changes in textural parameters. Various parameters, including graphic mean size, graphic standard deviation, skewness, and kurtosis, were measured to provide a thorough assessment of the granulometry of lake and river sediments. The Pejrup ternary diagram has been employed to understand the research area's hydrodynamic dynamic condition. The degree of freedom among different factors has been determined by bivariate plotting, and the environment and the deposition process have been examined and distinguished using a linear discriminant function. It is evident from the studies on textural characteristics that fine-grain sediments covered the southern part of the lake while towards the northern region the percentage of sand-size sediments are steadily increased. The proportion of fine-grained sediments is higher in the Pampa and Achenkovil rivers, while the sand percentage is greater in the other four rivers. The textural nomenclature of the sediments typically follows the sequence of sand-sized sediments, followed by fine-grained sediments. The hydrodynamic conditions of the sediment deposition in the area indicate that the sediments are deposited in environments ranging from calm to violent. The frequency distribution curves of the study area indicate the polymodal nature of the sediments, but specific locations showed unimodal and bimodal sediment characteristics. The pre-monsoon and post-monsoon textural parameters of the Vembanad Lake samples showed medium sand and fine sand, respectively, with moderately sorted, symmetrically skewed, and mesokurtic sediments. The Pamba River is unique compared to other inflows because of its extremely fine sand concentration, moderately well-sorted, extremely coarse skewness, and mesokurtic sediments. According to the bivariate plots of the study area, all the examined samples were deposited in the fluvial environment. Linear Discriminant Function analysis indicated that the sediments were deposited mostly in a shallow marine agitated environment and the remaining fluvial process. Apart from the seasonal fluctuations, the primary determinants of the sediment texture difference between the northern and southern regions of the lake are the fluvial sedimentological attributes of the rivers that join with it.</p>

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Seasonal impact of river influx on the textural characteristics of Vembanad Lake sediments, Kerala, India

  • Anju Maria Joseph,
  • M. Suresh Gandhi

摘要

The proximity to river channels significantly influences the distribution of lacustrine sediments, as these channels act as primary conduits for sediment transport. The current study was conducted to understand the seasonal effects of six river influxes on Vembanad Lake sediment texture. A comparison of two seasons—the pre-monsoon season in March 2023 and the post-monsoon season in September 2023—was used to examine changes in textural parameters. Various parameters, including graphic mean size, graphic standard deviation, skewness, and kurtosis, were measured to provide a thorough assessment of the granulometry of lake and river sediments. The Pejrup ternary diagram has been employed to understand the research area's hydrodynamic dynamic condition. The degree of freedom among different factors has been determined by bivariate plotting, and the environment and the deposition process have been examined and distinguished using a linear discriminant function. It is evident from the studies on textural characteristics that fine-grain sediments covered the southern part of the lake while towards the northern region the percentage of sand-size sediments are steadily increased. The proportion of fine-grained sediments is higher in the Pampa and Achenkovil rivers, while the sand percentage is greater in the other four rivers. The textural nomenclature of the sediments typically follows the sequence of sand-sized sediments, followed by fine-grained sediments. The hydrodynamic conditions of the sediment deposition in the area indicate that the sediments are deposited in environments ranging from calm to violent. The frequency distribution curves of the study area indicate the polymodal nature of the sediments, but specific locations showed unimodal and bimodal sediment characteristics. The pre-monsoon and post-monsoon textural parameters of the Vembanad Lake samples showed medium sand and fine sand, respectively, with moderately sorted, symmetrically skewed, and mesokurtic sediments. The Pamba River is unique compared to other inflows because of its extremely fine sand concentration, moderately well-sorted, extremely coarse skewness, and mesokurtic sediments. According to the bivariate plots of the study area, all the examined samples were deposited in the fluvial environment. Linear Discriminant Function analysis indicated that the sediments were deposited mostly in a shallow marine agitated environment and the remaining fluvial process. Apart from the seasonal fluctuations, the primary determinants of the sediment texture difference between the northern and southern regions of the lake are the fluvial sedimentological attributes of the rivers that join with it.