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<p>The aim of this study was to determine the degree of pollution associated with heavy metals (Al, Fe, Cr, Co, Cu, Mo, Ni, and Pb) and the related ecological risk in surface sediments from the rivers of the Batouri gold mining region. To achieve this, 22 surface samples were analyzed using the ICP-MS method. Various indices, including the Concentration Factor (CF), Geo-accumulation Index (Igeo), Enrichment Factor (EF), Pollution Load Index (PLI), Sediment Quality Guidelines (TEL and PEL), and Ecological Risk Indices [Potential Ecological Risk Index (Er) and Potential Ecological Risk Factor (RI)], were employed to assess sediment quality and ecological risk. The results were processed using analytical and statistical methods. The distribution of mean concentrations (in mg/kg) was as follows: Al &gt; Fe &gt; Cr &gt; Pb &gt; Ni &gt; Cu &gt; Co &gt; Mo. Spatial distribution analysis revealed that the highest concentrations were located near mining areas. The quality indices indicated that the sediments were characterized by low to moderate pollution, with the exception of Pb, which was classified as extremely contaminated in some samples based on CF values. Over 70% of the samples showed evidence of anthropogenic influence (EF &gt; 1.5) and progressive degradation (PLI &gt; 1). The RI values (&lt; 110) indicated low ecological risk. Statistical analyses revealed two main sources of pollutant input: a geogenic source and anthropogenic sources. The natural sources of heavy metals in the study area were linked to chemical weathering processes affecting the source rocks of the sediments. Meanwhile, the anthropogenic sources were attributed to the uncontrolled management of mining waste.</p>

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Assessment of pollution and ecological risk associated with heavy metals in sediments from the rivers of Batouri gold mining area (East Cameroon): geochemical and statistical approaches

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年2月7日

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  • Dairou Bachirou,
  • Ngo Bidjeck Bondje Louise Marie,
  • Ndjigui Paul-Désiré

摘要

The aim of this study was to determine the degree of pollution associated with heavy metals (Al, Fe, Cr, Co, Cu, Mo, Ni, and Pb) and the related ecological risk in surface sediments from the rivers of the Batouri gold mining region. To achieve this, 22 surface samples were analyzed using the ICP-MS method. Various indices, including the Concentration Factor (CF), Geo-accumulation Index (Igeo), Enrichment Factor (EF), Pollution Load Index (PLI), Sediment Quality Guidelines (TEL and PEL), and Ecological Risk Indices [Potential Ecological Risk Index (Er) and Potential Ecological Risk Factor (RI)], were employed to assess sediment quality and ecological risk. The results were processed using analytical and statistical methods. The distribution of mean concentrations (in mg/kg) was as follows: Al > Fe > Cr > Pb > Ni > Cu > Co > Mo. Spatial distribution analysis revealed that the highest concentrations were located near mining areas. The quality indices indicated that the sediments were characterized by low to moderate pollution, with the exception of Pb, which was classified as extremely contaminated in some samples based on CF values. Over 70% of the samples showed evidence of anthropogenic influence (EF > 1.5) and progressive degradation (PLI > 1). The RI values (< 110) indicated low ecological risk. Statistical analyses revealed two main sources of pollutant input: a geogenic source and anthropogenic sources. The natural sources of heavy metals in the study area were linked to chemical weathering processes affecting the source rocks of the sediments. Meanwhile, the anthropogenic sources were attributed to the uncontrolled management of mining waste.