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<p>Sulfur-doped graphitic carbon nitride (S-gCN) nanocomposite with ZnMn<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> (ZMO) was prepared by co-precipitation and via an ultra-sonication route and ferroelectric, optical and photo-catalytic properties were compared with ZMO@S-gCN 1–4 nanocomposites. P-E loops revealed high coercivity and saturation polarization values for the ZMO@S-gCN-4 nanocomposite. A decline in PL intensity was observed with a reduction in bandgap from 3.18&#xa0;eV (ZMO) to 2.57&#xa0;eV in ZMO@S-gCN-4 indicating reduced e<sup>−</sup>/h<sup>+</sup> pair recombination rate with improved photo-catalytic performance. The ZMO@S-gCN-4 nanocomposite furnished significantly higher degradation of methyl orange (MO) dye (91.05%), which was recorded to be 59.26% and 78.31% in the case of ZMO and S-gCN within 90&#xa0;min of irradiation under visible light with rate constants of 0.02587&#xa0;min<sup>−1</sup>, 0.00914&#xa0;min<sup>−1</sup> and 0.01670&#xa0;min<sup>−1</sup>, respectively. The effects of the concentration of dye, catalyst dosage and pH on photo-catalytic degradation of MO dye were also evaluated. The ZMO@S-gCN-4 showed promising recyclability and usability up to five cycles. Furthermore, the scavenging experiment revealed that the reactive species (<sup>−·</sup>O<sub>2</sub>) have a major role in the photo-degradation of MO dye. Based on the photocatalytic efficiency of ZMO@S-gCN-4 under solar light, it has potential applications for harvesting visible light for wastewater treatment.</p>

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Bandgap modulation and charge separation in sulfur-doped g-C3N4/ZnMn2O4 nano-composites for efficient visible-light photocatalysis

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年5月29日

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  • Asma Ramzan,
  • Ismat Bibi,
  • Farzana Majid,
  • Shazia Nouren,
  • Babar Taj,
  • Aamir Ghafoor,
  • Qasim Raza,
  • Norah Alwadai,
  • Arif Nazir,
  • Munawar Iqbal

摘要

Sulfur-doped graphitic carbon nitride (S-gCN) nanocomposite with ZnMn2O4 (ZMO) was prepared by co-precipitation and via an ultra-sonication route and ferroelectric, optical and photo-catalytic properties were compared with ZMO@S-gCN 1–4 nanocomposites. P-E loops revealed high coercivity and saturation polarization values for the ZMO@S-gCN-4 nanocomposite. A decline in PL intensity was observed with a reduction in bandgap from 3.18 eV (ZMO) to 2.57 eV in ZMO@S-gCN-4 indicating reduced e−/h+ pair recombination rate with improved photo-catalytic performance. The ZMO@S-gCN-4 nanocomposite furnished significantly higher degradation of methyl orange (MO) dye (91.05%), which was recorded to be 59.26% and 78.31% in the case of ZMO and S-gCN within 90 min of irradiation under visible light with rate constants of 0.02587 min−1, 0.00914 min−1 and 0.01670 min−1, respectively. The effects of the concentration of dye, catalyst dosage and pH on photo-catalytic degradation of MO dye were also evaluated. The ZMO@S-gCN-4 showed promising recyclability and usability up to five cycles. Furthermore, the scavenging experiment revealed that the reactive species (−·O2) have a major role in the photo-degradation of MO dye. Based on the photocatalytic efficiency of ZMO@S-gCN-4 under solar light, it has potential applications for harvesting visible light for wastewater treatment.