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<p>The injection of nanobubbles (NBs) can enhance the aggregation and flotation process of oil droplets in oil-in-water (OIW) emulsions, thereby offering environmentally friendly waste treatment methods. In this study, NBs with an average diameter of D50:120&#xa0;nm, generated using hydrodynamic cavitation method in a dissolved air flotation (DAF) column, were investigated for the separation of dibutyl disulfide (DBDS) droplets. The oil droplets had an average diameter of D50:32&#xa0;μm and were present in a synthetic aqueous caustic solution as part of the OIW system. The size of the NBs and DBDS droplets was measured instantaneously using the laser diffraction (LD) method. OIW synthetic emulsion, a 4% (by weight) aqueous caustic solution containing an initial concentration of 1100&#xa0;mg/L DBDS, stabilized by an ultrasonic mixer with Polysorbate as a nonionic surfactant, was prepared for the nanobubble-flotation setup. The process of removing DBDS from the treated outlet stream at the bottom of the nanobubble-flotation column was analyzed using gas chromatography (GC) analysis. The results from the bottom outlet of the flotation column revealed that the residual amount of dibutyl disulfide oil in the emulsion sample, synthesized with alkalinity 13, decreased to 90 ppm after 10&#xa0;min, with a removal efficiency of dibutyl disulfide oil reaching 91.6%. The effect of two polyelectrolytes, Chitosan and Cationic polyacrylamide (CPAM), in DAF using NBs were also evaluated. Measurements showed that after 10&#xa0;min, the concentration of disulfide oil was reduced to 5.5 ppm and 2.2 ppm at pH of 7 for chitosan (100 ppm) and CPAM (50 ppm), respectively, indicating an increase in removal efficiency up to 99.5% and 99.8%. These results demonstrate that the proposed technique can complement conventional liquid-liquid purification methods that use solvents in MEROX processes, aligning with environmental requirements.</p>

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Experimental analysis of nanobubbles for efficient separation of dibutyl disulfide from aqueous caustic waste emulsions

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月8日

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  • Farzad Niazmehr,
  • Mohammadreza Moghbeli,
  • Mehdi Assareh,
  • Ziaeddin Pourkarimi

摘要

The injection of nanobubbles (NBs) can enhance the aggregation and flotation process of oil droplets in oil-in-water (OIW) emulsions, thereby offering environmentally friendly waste treatment methods. In this study, NBs with an average diameter of D50:120 nm, generated using hydrodynamic cavitation method in a dissolved air flotation (DAF) column, were investigated for the separation of dibutyl disulfide (DBDS) droplets. The oil droplets had an average diameter of D50:32 μm and were present in a synthetic aqueous caustic solution as part of the OIW system. The size of the NBs and DBDS droplets was measured instantaneously using the laser diffraction (LD) method. OIW synthetic emulsion, a 4% (by weight) aqueous caustic solution containing an initial concentration of 1100 mg/L DBDS, stabilized by an ultrasonic mixer with Polysorbate as a nonionic surfactant, was prepared for the nanobubble-flotation setup. The process of removing DBDS from the treated outlet stream at the bottom of the nanobubble-flotation column was analyzed using gas chromatography (GC) analysis. The results from the bottom outlet of the flotation column revealed that the residual amount of dibutyl disulfide oil in the emulsion sample, synthesized with alkalinity 13, decreased to 90 ppm after 10 min, with a removal efficiency of dibutyl disulfide oil reaching 91.6%. The effect of two polyelectrolytes, Chitosan and Cationic polyacrylamide (CPAM), in DAF using NBs were also evaluated. Measurements showed that after 10 min, the concentration of disulfide oil was reduced to 5.5 ppm and 2.2 ppm at pH of 7 for chitosan (100 ppm) and CPAM (50 ppm), respectively, indicating an increase in removal efficiency up to 99.5% and 99.8%. These results demonstrate that the proposed technique can complement conventional liquid-liquid purification methods that use solvents in MEROX processes, aligning with environmental requirements.