Transesterification of oils with high contents of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids in supercritical fluid conditions
摘要
The transesterification reaction of rapeseed oil with a high content of unsaturated fatty acids, as well as palm oil with an increased content of saturated fatty acids, was carried out. The experiments were carried out at molar ratios of ethyl alcohol—starting oil of 20:1, 30:1, at temperatures of 623, 673 K, pressure of 30 MPa, for a duration of 10–30 min on an installation that implements a batch type mode. The selected temperature and pressure parameters of the state correspond to the conditions of the supercritical fluid state for the initial mixture. The results of transesterification were quantified using chromatographic analysis. The refractive index (T = 293 K, P = 0.1 MPa), the density of the resulting transesterification reaction product of rapeseed (T = 313–333 K, P = 0.1 MPa) and palm (T = 298–323 K, P = 0.1 MPa) oils, their kinematic viscosity (T = 313 K, P = 0.1 MPa), as well as flash point, sulfur content and acid number were measured to assess the compliance of its quality with biofuel international standards. Based on the obtained data on the properties of the resulting product, only the kinematic viscosity doesn’t meet biodiesel fuel standards. The authors propose using the obtained biodiesel fuel as an additive to diesel fuel.