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<p>Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are considered potential reservoirs of antimicrobial resistance agents (ARA), such as genes, bacteria and antibiotics, as bioreactors can be a propitious environment for the horizontal transfer of genes that cause microbial resistance. Anaerobic digestion (AD), often used to treat excess activated sludge (AS), is usually not efficient in removing ARA from AS. Therefore, this research aimed to investigate the dynamics of antibiotics and ARGs removal from aerobic sludge subjected to thermal hydrolysis (TH) and AD. Under optimized TH conditions (T ~ 190 ºC and t ~ 30&#xa0;min) there was high removal (71–74%) of fluoroquinolones antibiotics from AS. As for ARG, there was a significant reduction in resistance levels by up to 2.55 log in relative terms for most monitored genes in the sequential process (TH + AD). Thus, TH + AD proved to be an advantageous technology to reduce antimicrobial resistance agents from activated sludge.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Effect of thermal hydrolysis of sewage sludge on the distribution and removal of antibiotics and antimicrobial resistance genes

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年2月25日

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  • Aline Gomes de Oliveira Paranhos,
  • Andressa Rezende Pereira,
  • Eliane Cristina Braga Martins Gonçalves,
  • Silvana de Queiroz Silva,
  • Sérgio Francisco de Aquino

摘要

Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are considered potential reservoirs of antimicrobial resistance agents (ARA), such as genes, bacteria and antibiotics, as bioreactors can be a propitious environment for the horizontal transfer of genes that cause microbial resistance. Anaerobic digestion (AD), often used to treat excess activated sludge (AS), is usually not efficient in removing ARA from AS. Therefore, this research aimed to investigate the dynamics of antibiotics and ARGs removal from aerobic sludge subjected to thermal hydrolysis (TH) and AD. Under optimized TH conditions (T ~ 190 ºC and t ~ 30 min) there was high removal (71–74%) of fluoroquinolones antibiotics from AS. As for ARG, there was a significant reduction in resistance levels by up to 2.55 log in relative terms for most monitored genes in the sequential process (TH + AD). Thus, TH + AD proved to be an advantageous technology to reduce antimicrobial resistance agents from activated sludge.

Graphical abstract