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<p>This systematic review aimed to identify and analyze studies evaluating interventions led by community health workers (CHWs) targeting modifiable risk factors associated with dementia development in older adults. Articles published between January 2000 and October 2021 were retrieved from the Medline, SciELO, PsycINFO, Web of Science, and Scopus databases and included if they evaluated CHW training and interventions directed at individuals aged ≥ 60&#xa0;years. A total of 4370 articles were retrieved, of which 35 met the inclusion criteria. Most interventions focused on cardiovascular and metabolic risk factors, such as hypertension, diabetes, and obesity, which are recognized as increasing the risk of dementia. Only one study specifically addressed cognitive stimulation. The findings suggest that CHWs can contribute to dementia prevention, particularly in low-income populations, by addressing modifiable conditions. However, there is a lack of interventions targeting cognitive health and few studies incorporating the sociocultural context of communities. The role of CHWs remained predominantly anchored in a biomedical model focused on chronic disease management. The biomedical emphasis, coupled with limited attention to cognitive health promotion, reveals a critical gap. Public policies and training programs that value territorial bonds and educational practices may enhance the capacity of CHWs to act more comprehensively in dementia prevention within community settings. Future research should prioritize cognitive-focused interventions and address training specifics to optimize CHW effectiveness.</p>

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Community Health Worker–Led Interventions Targeting Modifiable Risk Factors for Dementia in Older Adults: A Systematic Review

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月28日

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  • Bruna Luísa de Souza Pereira,
  • Logan Andrade dos Santos,
  • Sabrina Martins Barroso,
  • Marcela Mansur-Alves

摘要

This systematic review aimed to identify and analyze studies evaluating interventions led by community health workers (CHWs) targeting modifiable risk factors associated with dementia development in older adults. Articles published between January 2000 and October 2021 were retrieved from the Medline, SciELO, PsycINFO, Web of Science, and Scopus databases and included if they evaluated CHW training and interventions directed at individuals aged ≥ 60 years. A total of 4370 articles were retrieved, of which 35 met the inclusion criteria. Most interventions focused on cardiovascular and metabolic risk factors, such as hypertension, diabetes, and obesity, which are recognized as increasing the risk of dementia. Only one study specifically addressed cognitive stimulation. The findings suggest that CHWs can contribute to dementia prevention, particularly in low-income populations, by addressing modifiable conditions. However, there is a lack of interventions targeting cognitive health and few studies incorporating the sociocultural context of communities. The role of CHWs remained predominantly anchored in a biomedical model focused on chronic disease management. The biomedical emphasis, coupled with limited attention to cognitive health promotion, reveals a critical gap. Public policies and training programs that value territorial bonds and educational practices may enhance the capacity of CHWs to act more comprehensively in dementia prevention within community settings. Future research should prioritize cognitive-focused interventions and address training specifics to optimize CHW effectiveness.