<p>Suppose <i>k</i> is a locally-integrable function in <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(M_+({{\mathbb {R}}}^n),\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msub> <mi>M</mi> <mo>+</mo> </msub> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> <mi>n</mi> </msup> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo>,</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> the class of nonnegative Lebesgue-measurable functions on <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\({{\mathbb {R}}}^n.\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> <mi>n</mi> </msup> <mo>.</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> We define the convolution operator <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(T_k\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mi>T</mi> <mi>k</mi> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> at suitable <InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(f\in M_+({{\mathbb {R}}}^n)\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>f</mi> <mo>∈</mo> <msub> <mi>M</mi> <mo>+</mo> </msub> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> <mi>n</mi> </msup> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> by <Equation ID="Equ31"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\begin{aligned} (T_kf)(x)=\int _{{{\mathbb {R}}}^n}k(x-y)f(y)\, dy, x\in {{\mathbb {R}}}^n. \end{aligned}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math display="block"> <mrow> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd columnalign="right"> <mrow> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <msub> <mi>T</mi> <mi>k</mi> </msub> <mi>f</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <msub> <mo>∫</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> <mi>n</mi> </msup> </msub> <mi>k</mi> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mi>y</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mi>f</mi> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>y</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mspace width="0.166667em" /> <mi>d</mi> <mi>y</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo>∈</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> <mi>n</mi> </msup> <mo>.</mo> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </Equation>Our interest is in inequalities of the form <Equation ID="Equ32"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\begin{aligned} \rho _1(T_kf)\le C\rho _2(f), \end{aligned}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math display="block"> <mrow> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd columnalign="right"> <mrow> <msub> <mi>ρ</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <msub> <mi>T</mi> <mi>k</mi> </msub> <mi>f</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo>≤</mo> <mi>C</mi> <msub> <mi>ρ</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>f</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo>,</mo> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </Equation>in which <InlineEquation ID="IEq5"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\rho _1\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mi>ρ</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> and <InlineEquation ID="IEq6"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\rho _2\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mi>ρ</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> are functionals on functions <InlineEquation ID="IEq7"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(f\in M_+({{\mathbb {R}}}^n).\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>f</mi> <mo>∈</mo> <msub> <mi>M</mi> <mo>+</mo> </msub> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> <mi>n</mi> </msup> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo>.</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> Specifically, <InlineEquation ID="IEq8"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\rho _1\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mi>ρ</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> and <InlineEquation ID="IEq9"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\rho _2\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mi>ρ</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> are so-called Orlicz–Lorentz functionals <InlineEquation ID="IEq10"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\lambda _{\Phi ,u}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mi>λ</mi> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="normal">Φ</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>u</mi> </mrow> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> given at <InlineEquation ID="IEq11"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(f\in M_+({{\mathbb {R}}}^n)\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>f</mi> <mo>∈</mo> <msub> <mi>M</mi> <mo>+</mo> </msub> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> <mi>n</mi> </msup> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> by <Equation ID="Equ33"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\begin{aligned} \lambda _{\Phi ,u}(f)=\rho _{\Phi ,u}(f^*), \end{aligned}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math display="block"> <mrow> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd columnalign="right"> <mrow> <msub> <mi>λ</mi> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="normal">Φ</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>u</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>f</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <msub> <mi>ρ</mi> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="normal">Φ</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>u</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <msup> <mi>f</mi> <mo>∗</mo> </msup> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo>,</mo> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </Equation>with <InlineEquation ID="IEq12"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\rho _{\Phi ,u}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mi>ρ</mi> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="normal">Φ</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>u</mi> </mrow> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> the weighted Luxemburg functional <Equation ID="Equ34"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\begin{aligned} \rho _{\Phi ,u}(g)=\inf \left\{ \lambda &gt;0: \int _{{{\mathbb {R}}}_+}\Phi \left( \frac{g(t)}{\lambda }\right) u(t)\, dt\le 1\right\} , \end{aligned}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math display="block"> <mrow> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd columnalign="right"> <mrow> <msub> <mi>ρ</mi> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="normal">Φ</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>u</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>g</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <mo movablelimits="true">inf</mo> <mfenced close="}" open="{"> <mi>λ</mi> <mo>&gt;</mo> <mn>0</mn> <mo>:</mo> <msub> <mo>∫</mo> <msub> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> <mo>+</mo> </msub> </msub> <mi mathvariant="normal">Φ</mi> <mfenced close=")" open="("> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi>g</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>t</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mi>λ</mi> </mfrac> </mfenced> <mi>u</mi> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>t</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mspace width="0.166667em" /> <mi>d</mi> <mi>t</mi> <mo>≤</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mfenced> <mo>,</mo> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </Equation><InlineEquation ID="IEq13"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(g\in M_+({{\mathbb {R}}}_+),\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>g</mi> <mo>∈</mo> <msub> <mi>M</mi> <mo>+</mo> </msub> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <msub> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> <mo>+</mo> </msub> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo>,</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> <InlineEquation ID="IEq14"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\({{\mathbb {R}}}_+=(0, \infty ).\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msub> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> <mo>+</mo> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>0</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mi>∞</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo>.</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> The function <InlineEquation ID="IEq15"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(f^*,\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msup> <mi>f</mi> <mo>∗</mo> </msup> <mo>,</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> called the nonincreasing rearrangement of <i>f</i> on <InlineEquation ID="IEq16"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\({{\mathbb {R}}}_+,\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msub> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> <mo>+</mo> </msub> <mo>,</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> is given by <InlineEquation ID="IEq17"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(f^*(t)=\mu _f^{-1}(t),\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msup> <mi>f</mi> <mo>∗</mo> </msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>t</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <msubsup> <mi>μ</mi> <mi>f</mi> <mrow> <mo>-</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msubsup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>t</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo>,</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> <InlineEquation ID="IEq18"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(t\in {{\mathbb {R}}}_+,\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>t</mi> <mo>∈</mo> <msub> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> <mo>+</mo> </msub> <mo>,</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> where <Equation ID="Equ35"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\begin{aligned} \mu _f(\lambda )=|\{t \in {{\mathbb {R}}}_+: f(t)&gt; \lambda \}|, \quad \lambda \in {{\mathbb {R}}}_+. \end{aligned}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math display="block"> <mrow> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd columnalign="right"> <mrow> <msub> <mi>μ</mi> <mi>f</mi> </msub> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>λ</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">{</mo> <mi>t</mi> <mo>∈</mo> <msub> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> <mo>+</mo> </msub> <mo>:</mo> <mi>f</mi> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>t</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo>&gt;</mo> <mi>λ</mi> <mo stretchy="false">}</mo> </mrow> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> </mrow> <mo>,</mo> <mspace width="1em" /> <mi>λ</mi> <mo>∈</mo> <msub> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> <mo>+</mo> </msub> <mo>.</mo> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </Equation></p>

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Convolution operators between Orlicz–Lorentz spaces

  • R. Kerman,
  • S. Spektor

摘要

Suppose k is a locally-integrable function in \(M_+({{\mathbb {R}}}^n),\) M + ( R n ) , the class of nonnegative Lebesgue-measurable functions on \({{\mathbb {R}}}^n.\) R n . We define the convolution operator \(T_k\) T k at suitable \(f\in M_+({{\mathbb {R}}}^n)\) f M + ( R n ) by \(\begin{aligned} (T_kf)(x)=\int _{{{\mathbb {R}}}^n}k(x-y)f(y)\, dy, x\in {{\mathbb {R}}}^n. \end{aligned}\) ( T k f ) ( x ) = R n k ( x - y ) f ( y ) d y , x R n . Our interest is in inequalities of the form \(\begin{aligned} \rho _1(T_kf)\le C\rho _2(f), \end{aligned}\) ρ 1 ( T k f ) C ρ 2 ( f ) , in which \(\rho _1\) ρ 1 and \(\rho _2\) ρ 2 are functionals on functions \(f\in M_+({{\mathbb {R}}}^n).\) f M + ( R n ) . Specifically, \(\rho _1\) ρ 1 and \(\rho _2\) ρ 2 are so-called Orlicz–Lorentz functionals \(\lambda _{\Phi ,u}\) λ Φ , u given at \(f\in M_+({{\mathbb {R}}}^n)\) f M + ( R n ) by \(\begin{aligned} \lambda _{\Phi ,u}(f)=\rho _{\Phi ,u}(f^*), \end{aligned}\) λ Φ , u ( f ) = ρ Φ , u ( f ) , with \(\rho _{\Phi ,u}\) ρ Φ , u the weighted Luxemburg functional \(\begin{aligned} \rho _{\Phi ,u}(g)=\inf \left\{ \lambda >0: \int _{{{\mathbb {R}}}_+}\Phi \left( \frac{g(t)}{\lambda }\right) u(t)\, dt\le 1\right\} , \end{aligned}\) ρ Φ , u ( g ) = inf λ > 0 : R + Φ g ( t ) λ u ( t ) d t 1 , \(g\in M_+({{\mathbb {R}}}_+),\) g M + ( R + ) , \({{\mathbb {R}}}_+=(0, \infty ).\) R + = ( 0 , ) . The function \(f^*,\) f , called the nonincreasing rearrangement of f on \({{\mathbb {R}}}_+,\) R + , is given by \(f^*(t)=\mu _f^{-1}(t),\) f ( t ) = μ f - 1 ( t ) , \(t\in {{\mathbb {R}}}_+,\) t R + , where \(\begin{aligned} \mu _f(\lambda )=|\{t \in {{\mathbb {R}}}_+: f(t)> \lambda \}|, \quad \lambda \in {{\mathbb {R}}}_+. \end{aligned}\) μ f ( λ ) = | { t R + : f ( t ) > λ } | , λ R + .