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<p>The leather industry faces persistent challenges in adopting blockchain and smart contract technologies within its intricate global supply networks. Traditional supply chain systems often lack transparency, efficiency, and security, leaving them prone to fraud, delays, and data inconsistencies. Although blockchain introduces benefits such as immutability, decentralized control, and automated transactions, scalability issues continue to impede its effective application in industries with high transaction throughput. This study proposes a dual-layer blockchain architecture that integrates sharding and state channels to enhance scalability and streamline operations across procurement, production, inventory, and distribution. Designed specifically for the leather sector, the proposed framework improves traceability, accountability, and performance while maintaining interoperability with existing systems and compliance with regulatory standards. Through empirical evaluation and comparative analysis, the research demonstrates how a scalable blockchain-enabled model can transform industrial supply chains into transparent, efficient, and sustainable ecosystems, offering valuable insights for both industrial practitioners and policymakers.</p>

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A Dual-layer Blockchain Architecture for Scalable and Transparent Supply Chain Management

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月5日

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  • A. Gayathiri,
  • K. Ravindran,
  • P. Ramachandran,
  • V. Srinivasan,
  • R. Jayanthi

摘要

The leather industry faces persistent challenges in adopting blockchain and smart contract technologies within its intricate global supply networks. Traditional supply chain systems often lack transparency, efficiency, and security, leaving them prone to fraud, delays, and data inconsistencies. Although blockchain introduces benefits such as immutability, decentralized control, and automated transactions, scalability issues continue to impede its effective application in industries with high transaction throughput. This study proposes a dual-layer blockchain architecture that integrates sharding and state channels to enhance scalability and streamline operations across procurement, production, inventory, and distribution. Designed specifically for the leather sector, the proposed framework improves traceability, accountability, and performance while maintaining interoperability with existing systems and compliance with regulatory standards. Through empirical evaluation and comparative analysis, the research demonstrates how a scalable blockchain-enabled model can transform industrial supply chains into transparent, efficient, and sustainable ecosystems, offering valuable insights for both industrial practitioners and policymakers.