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<p>High-speed data transmission and the growing demand for bandwidth along with low-latency communication has increased the use of congested fiber optic networks. These high-capacity channels are critical for handling the massive data volumes demanded by modern digital applications such as cloud computing, real-time streaming of live matches, and large-scale data analysis like genomic signal processing. However, the integrity and efficiency of data transmission via these fiber lines are regularly compromised by signal degradation such as Laser phase noise, frequency offset, four wave mixing, and other phenomenons. In this manuscript a sparse Volterra based nonlinear equalizer (SVSE) is introduced, which has lower complexity. The proposed equalizer shows improved compensation capabilities for self phase modulation (SPM) induced distortions, laser source noise, and frequency offset, enhancing overall performance in polarization multiplexed (PM) quadrature amplitude modulation (64-QAM) system. The simulation results of the proposed SVSE equalizer are compared with the third order Volterra equalizer and Kalman filter based equalizer. The results are compared in terms of mean square error (MSE), constellation diagram, and quality factor achieved.</p>

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Sparse Volterra Equalizer for Compensation of Frequency Offset and Laser Phase Noise in Standard Single Mode Fiber

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月19日

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  • Neeraj Sharma,
  • Satyasai Jagannath Nanda,
  • Ravi Kumar Maddila

摘要

High-speed data transmission and the growing demand for bandwidth along with low-latency communication has increased the use of congested fiber optic networks. These high-capacity channels are critical for handling the massive data volumes demanded by modern digital applications such as cloud computing, real-time streaming of live matches, and large-scale data analysis like genomic signal processing. However, the integrity and efficiency of data transmission via these fiber lines are regularly compromised by signal degradation such as Laser phase noise, frequency offset, four wave mixing, and other phenomenons. In this manuscript a sparse Volterra based nonlinear equalizer (SVSE) is introduced, which has lower complexity. The proposed equalizer shows improved compensation capabilities for self phase modulation (SPM) induced distortions, laser source noise, and frequency offset, enhancing overall performance in polarization multiplexed (PM) quadrature amplitude modulation (64-QAM) system. The simulation results of the proposed SVSE equalizer are compared with the third order Volterra equalizer and Kalman filter based equalizer. The results are compared in terms of mean square error (MSE), constellation diagram, and quality factor achieved.