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<p>Salinity and heavy metal accumulation hurt both crop production and ecological sustainability. Although it is expected that stress interaction may result in a specific response, there is limited data on the combined effect of numerous stressors on plants. Three barley genotypes’ responses to sodium chloride (NaCl) were examined regarding tolerance, absorption, partitioning, and cadmium (Cd) translocation. Using hydroponics, seedlings were grown without NaCl and Cd (control), with 200 mM NaCl, 50 µM Cd, and 200 mM NaCl and 50 µM Cd added together or separately for 30 days. Salinity and Cd-NaCl stress substantially impacted growth, relative water content, total chlorophyll, membrane stability index, and potassium absorption. It raised sodium and chloride concentrations in three genotypes, with ‘Tombari’ genotype being more impacted than ‘Assiya’ and ‘Giza 130’. Roots had greater Cd concentration than shoots in both genotypes, whether exposed to Cd alone or Cd-NaCl. The addition of NaCl, interestingly, reduced the accumulation of Cd in the roots and shoots of all three barley genotypes, suggesting that the relationship between NaCl and Cd on absorption and accumulation is antagonistic. The ‘Giza130’ and ‘Assiya’ genotypes collected less Cd in shoots and roots than the ‘Tombari’ genotype. Cd-NaCl stress greatly elevated H₂O₂ and Malonaldehyde levels compared to salinity treatment. Under various stressors, the activity of numerous antioxidant enzymes was significantly higher in Assiya than in Tombari. Our findings also demonstrated that while NaCl decreases Cd accumulation in barley, it intensifies the harmful effects of Cd, hence reducing plant production. All things considered; our findings suggest that salty soils with a little amount of Cd pollution may be able to support the growth of salt-tolerant barley genotypes. Conversely, genotypes that are sensitive to salinity, showing higher Cd accumulation in shoots, may have potential applications in phytoremediation strategies.</p>

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Interactive effects of salinity and cadmium stress on cadmium uptake, ion homeostasis, and antioxidant responses in three mediterranean barley genotypes

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月7日

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  • Said Bouhraoua,
  • Mohamed Ferioun,
  • Douae Belahcen,
  • Khalil Hammani,
  • Said Louahlia

摘要

Salinity and heavy metal accumulation hurt both crop production and ecological sustainability. Although it is expected that stress interaction may result in a specific response, there is limited data on the combined effect of numerous stressors on plants. Three barley genotypes’ responses to sodium chloride (NaCl) were examined regarding tolerance, absorption, partitioning, and cadmium (Cd) translocation. Using hydroponics, seedlings were grown without NaCl and Cd (control), with 200 mM NaCl, 50 µM Cd, and 200 mM NaCl and 50 µM Cd added together or separately for 30 days. Salinity and Cd-NaCl stress substantially impacted growth, relative water content, total chlorophyll, membrane stability index, and potassium absorption. It raised sodium and chloride concentrations in three genotypes, with ‘Tombari’ genotype being more impacted than ‘Assiya’ and ‘Giza 130’. Roots had greater Cd concentration than shoots in both genotypes, whether exposed to Cd alone or Cd-NaCl. The addition of NaCl, interestingly, reduced the accumulation of Cd in the roots and shoots of all three barley genotypes, suggesting that the relationship between NaCl and Cd on absorption and accumulation is antagonistic. The ‘Giza130’ and ‘Assiya’ genotypes collected less Cd in shoots and roots than the ‘Tombari’ genotype. Cd-NaCl stress greatly elevated H₂O₂ and Malonaldehyde levels compared to salinity treatment. Under various stressors, the activity of numerous antioxidant enzymes was significantly higher in Assiya than in Tombari. Our findings also demonstrated that while NaCl decreases Cd accumulation in barley, it intensifies the harmful effects of Cd, hence reducing plant production. All things considered; our findings suggest that salty soils with a little amount of Cd pollution may be able to support the growth of salt-tolerant barley genotypes. Conversely, genotypes that are sensitive to salinity, showing higher Cd accumulation in shoots, may have potential applications in phytoremediation strategies.