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<p>Abiotic stresses, such as cadmium (Cd) accumulation in agricultural soils, significantly impede plant growth and productivity, with adverse effects on both plants and human health. In response to such stresses, plants produce stress-responsive proteins, including late embryogenesis proteins (LEA), to mitigate damage. In the present study, the expressions of dehydrin (group 2 LEA) genes (<i>RAB21, RAB16D,</i> and <i>RAB16B</i>) were analyzed in selected rice cultivars (Dilrosh, Swat-1, and JP-5) and their expression was compared with different parameters (relative growth rate, index of tolerance, total phenolic content, radical scavenging assay, electrolytic leakage, total Cd contents, pigments, and carotenoids). The expression of <i>RAB21</i> and <i>RAB16D</i> was upregulated in all the selected genotypes, and dehydrin <i>RAB16B</i> in JP-5 and Swat-1 genotypes under cadmium (50&#xa0;µM) stress. The increased index of tolerance supports the up-regulation of dehydrin gene expression. In addition, the Dilrosh genotype showed better tolerance in terms of relative growth rate. Lower ion leakage and total Cd content were observed in Dilrosh, followed by JP-5 and Swat-1. Total phenolic and Radical Scavenging Assay showed an increase in week 2 but decreased after two weeks under Cd stress (40 and 50&#xa0;µM). In addition, chlorophyll and carotenoid contents were also decreased with increased Cd stress. Our results suggested that dehydrins revealed a potential role in different rice genotypes under Cd stress. Whereas, the Dilrosh genotype showed better tolerance under various concentrations of Cd than other genotypes. These findings underscore the critical role of dehydrin in Cd stress tolerance, with Dilrosh demonstrating the highest resilience. The study suggests that dehydrin gene expression and cadmium management strategies can be leveraged to enhance crop tolerance and support sustainable agricultural practices.</p>

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Cadmium absorption and dehydrin gene expression revealed tolerance to cadmium stress in the rice genotypes

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月18日

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  • Adnan Khan,
  • Qurban Ali,
  • Asmat Ali,
  • Mei Han,
  • Nadir Zaman Khan,
  • Waqar Ali,
  • Abdulwahed Fahad Alrefaei,
  • Mikhlid H. Almutairi,
  • Atif Ali Khan Khalil,
  • Sajid Ali

摘要

Abiotic stresses, such as cadmium (Cd) accumulation in agricultural soils, significantly impede plant growth and productivity, with adverse effects on both plants and human health. In response to such stresses, plants produce stress-responsive proteins, including late embryogenesis proteins (LEA), to mitigate damage. In the present study, the expressions of dehydrin (group 2 LEA) genes (RAB21, RAB16D, and RAB16B) were analyzed in selected rice cultivars (Dilrosh, Swat-1, and JP-5) and their expression was compared with different parameters (relative growth rate, index of tolerance, total phenolic content, radical scavenging assay, electrolytic leakage, total Cd contents, pigments, and carotenoids). The expression of RAB21 and RAB16D was upregulated in all the selected genotypes, and dehydrin RAB16B in JP-5 and Swat-1 genotypes under cadmium (50 µM) stress. The increased index of tolerance supports the up-regulation of dehydrin gene expression. In addition, the Dilrosh genotype showed better tolerance in terms of relative growth rate. Lower ion leakage and total Cd content were observed in Dilrosh, followed by JP-5 and Swat-1. Total phenolic and Radical Scavenging Assay showed an increase in week 2 but decreased after two weeks under Cd stress (40 and 50 µM). In addition, chlorophyll and carotenoid contents were also decreased with increased Cd stress. Our results suggested that dehydrins revealed a potential role in different rice genotypes under Cd stress. Whereas, the Dilrosh genotype showed better tolerance under various concentrations of Cd than other genotypes. These findings underscore the critical role of dehydrin in Cd stress tolerance, with Dilrosh demonstrating the highest resilience. The study suggests that dehydrin gene expression and cadmium management strategies can be leveraged to enhance crop tolerance and support sustainable agricultural practices.