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<p>Wheat (<i>Triticum aestivum</i> L.) is a staple food for over 35% of the global population, and is vital for food security. Fusarium head blight (FHB), caused by various <i>Fusarium</i> species, poses a significant threat to cereal crops including wheat. Conventional control strategies are often costly and environmentally harmful, whereas biological control offers a sustainable alternative. This study investigated the antagonistic potential of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria against FHB in wheat. A total of 8 bacterial strains (RF1, RF2, RF3, RF4, RF5, RF6, RF7, and RF9) were isolated from the rhizosphere of healthy wheat plants and characterized morphologically, biochemically, and for growth-promoting traits. Results showed that, all strains exhibited catalase activity, and RF7 had the highest indole-3-acetic acid production. Four strains (RF1, RF2, RF3, and RF5) solubilized phosphate, and all produced hydrogen cyanide. In vitro antifungal assays revealed that RF2 and RF5 had the highest inhibition against <i>Fusarium graminearum</i>. Glasshouse experiments demonstrated that PGPR-treated wheat seeds had improved plant height, leaf area, root length, biomass, chlorophyll content, and 100-grain weight compared with untreated controls. Among tested isolates, RF2 and RF5 significantly reduced the FHB index in vivo. Molecular identification via 16&#xa0;S rRNA gene sequencing confirmed these strains as belonging to the genus <i>Sphingobacterium</i>. Overall, these findings suggest that <i>Sphingobacterium</i> strains RF2 and RF5 have strong potential as biocontrol agents for sustainable FHB management in wheat.</p>

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Isolation and molecular characterization of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria for biocontrol of Fusarium head blight in wheat

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月31日

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  • Syed Jehangir Shah,
  • Somaira Bibi,
  • Safira Attacha,
  • Syed Tanveer Shah,
  • Noreen Asim,
  • Waqas Ahmad,
  • Muhammad Sayyar Khan,
  • Ishrat Naz,
  • Muhammad Ibrahim,
  • Aftab Jamal

摘要

Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is a staple food for over 35% of the global population, and is vital for food security. Fusarium head blight (FHB), caused by various Fusarium species, poses a significant threat to cereal crops including wheat. Conventional control strategies are often costly and environmentally harmful, whereas biological control offers a sustainable alternative. This study investigated the antagonistic potential of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria against FHB in wheat. A total of 8 bacterial strains (RF1, RF2, RF3, RF4, RF5, RF6, RF7, and RF9) were isolated from the rhizosphere of healthy wheat plants and characterized morphologically, biochemically, and for growth-promoting traits. Results showed that, all strains exhibited catalase activity, and RF7 had the highest indole-3-acetic acid production. Four strains (RF1, RF2, RF3, and RF5) solubilized phosphate, and all produced hydrogen cyanide. In vitro antifungal assays revealed that RF2 and RF5 had the highest inhibition against Fusarium graminearum. Glasshouse experiments demonstrated that PGPR-treated wheat seeds had improved plant height, leaf area, root length, biomass, chlorophyll content, and 100-grain weight compared with untreated controls. Among tested isolates, RF2 and RF5 significantly reduced the FHB index in vivo. Molecular identification via 16 S rRNA gene sequencing confirmed these strains as belonging to the genus Sphingobacterium. Overall, these findings suggest that Sphingobacterium strains RF2 and RF5 have strong potential as biocontrol agents for sustainable FHB management in wheat.