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<p>Wild maize relatives, including landraces have a plethora of hidden genes for quality traits and can be used for diversifying maize germplasm. In the present study, inbred lines, LM 13 and LM 14 (parents of popular hybrid PMH 1), were crossed with teosinte (<i>Zea mays</i> ssp. <i>parviglumis</i>) to develop backcross populations. The LM 13- and LM 14-based BC₁F₂ and BC₂F₂ populations were generated. Additionally, different landraces, composites and inbreds were used for characterization of quality traits. The study revealed that teosinte and LM 14-based BC₁F₂ seeds possessed the highest oil (5.9%) and protein (14.8%) contents. LM 13 based BC<sub>1</sub>F<sub>2</sub> and LM 14 based BC<sub>2</sub>F<sub>2</sub> recorded the highest sugar content. In contrast to teosinte (552.17 N) backcross populations recorded the lowest Newton (N) force (140.9 to 252.5 N) to break the kernels, indicating greater recovery of the normal maize (LM 13 and LM 14) genome background in backcross populations. Moreover, <i>Zea mays</i> ssp. <i>parviglumis</i> had higher level of micronutrients (Ca, Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn and Mg), signifying its use as a valuable genetic resource for micronutrient enrichment in maize. To further understand the level of genetic divergence among wild species and modern maize inbreds, 37 SSR markers grouped the 31 maize accessions into two major groups-wild and inbred lines. Similarly, population structure also supported dendrogram-based clustering. Hence, this study signifies the importance of wild relatives and pre-breeding populations for quality trait enhancement in maize.</p>

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Harnessing teosinte for quality traits enhancement and genetic diversity in maize

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月5日

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  • Pardeep Kumar,
  • Mukesh Choudhary,
  • Seema Sheoran,
  • Bhupender Kumar,
  • Sushil Kumar,
  • Ankush Sharma,
  • Bharat Bhushan,
  • Bahadur Singh Jat,
  • Dharam Paul,
  • Sumit Kumar Aggarwal,
  • Shyam Bir Singh

摘要

Wild maize relatives, including landraces have a plethora of hidden genes for quality traits and can be used for diversifying maize germplasm. In the present study, inbred lines, LM 13 and LM 14 (parents of popular hybrid PMH 1), were crossed with teosinte (Zea mays ssp. parviglumis) to develop backcross populations. The LM 13- and LM 14-based BC₁F₂ and BC₂F₂ populations were generated. Additionally, different landraces, composites and inbreds were used for characterization of quality traits. The study revealed that teosinte and LM 14-based BC₁F₂ seeds possessed the highest oil (5.9%) and protein (14.8%) contents. LM 13 based BC1F2 and LM 14 based BC2F2 recorded the highest sugar content. In contrast to teosinte (552.17 N) backcross populations recorded the lowest Newton (N) force (140.9 to 252.5 N) to break the kernels, indicating greater recovery of the normal maize (LM 13 and LM 14) genome background in backcross populations. Moreover, Zea mays ssp. parviglumis had higher level of micronutrients (Ca, Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn and Mg), signifying its use as a valuable genetic resource for micronutrient enrichment in maize. To further understand the level of genetic divergence among wild species and modern maize inbreds, 37 SSR markers grouped the 31 maize accessions into two major groups-wild and inbred lines. Similarly, population structure also supported dendrogram-based clustering. Hence, this study signifies the importance of wild relatives and pre-breeding populations for quality trait enhancement in maize.