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<p>Subterranean ecosystems are key yet understudied components of tropical biodiversity, particularly in iron-rich landscapes where the mesovoid shallow substratum (MSS) forms an interface between surface and deep subterranean environments. Despite its relevance, the temporal dynamics and underlying processes structuring MSS communities remain poorly understood. We investigated how seasonality and climatic variables influence the temporal dynamics of invertebrate communities inhabiting MSS environments in Iron Formations of southeastern Brazil (Iron Quadrangle and Southern Espinhaço Range). We conducted monthly sampling over 12 months across three localities and assessed variation in species richness, abundance, and composition for edaphic and subterranean-specialized fauna. Temporal change in β-diversity was partitioned into colonization-extinction components, and the effects of climatic variables were assessed using AIC-based model selection. We recorded 66,609 individuals and 802 morphospecies, with edaphic assemblages dominating richness and abundance. Seasonal effects were limited and spatially heterogeneous, influencing edaphic fauna in only one locality, while subterranean-specialized communities remained temporally stable. Temporal β-diversity was primarily driven by colonization rather than extinction, particularly in edaphic assemblages, leading to increased community differentiation over time. In contrast, subterranean-specialized fauna exhibited low temporal variability and high persistence. Climatic variables showed weak explanatory power, although precipitation had a positive effect on edaphic richness. Our study indicates that MSS invertebrate communities in Iron Formation landscapes exhibit high temporal stability and limited responses to seasonal climatic variation. While edaphic assemblages showed localized temporal changes, subterranean-specialized fauna remained stable through time. These findings highlight the importance of MSS habitats for maintaining subterranean biodiversity in Iron Formation landscapes.</p>

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Contrasting temporal dynamics of edaphic and subterranean-specialized assemblages in the mesovoid shallow substratum of tropical Iron Formations

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月24日

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  • Pedro Giovâni da Silva,
  • Lígia Maria Saback Moreira Dornellas,
  • Augusto S. Auler

摘要

Subterranean ecosystems are key yet understudied components of tropical biodiversity, particularly in iron-rich landscapes where the mesovoid shallow substratum (MSS) forms an interface between surface and deep subterranean environments. Despite its relevance, the temporal dynamics and underlying processes structuring MSS communities remain poorly understood. We investigated how seasonality and climatic variables influence the temporal dynamics of invertebrate communities inhabiting MSS environments in Iron Formations of southeastern Brazil (Iron Quadrangle and Southern Espinhaço Range). We conducted monthly sampling over 12 months across three localities and assessed variation in species richness, abundance, and composition for edaphic and subterranean-specialized fauna. Temporal change in β-diversity was partitioned into colonization-extinction components, and the effects of climatic variables were assessed using AIC-based model selection. We recorded 66,609 individuals and 802 morphospecies, with edaphic assemblages dominating richness and abundance. Seasonal effects were limited and spatially heterogeneous, influencing edaphic fauna in only one locality, while subterranean-specialized communities remained temporally stable. Temporal β-diversity was primarily driven by colonization rather than extinction, particularly in edaphic assemblages, leading to increased community differentiation over time. In contrast, subterranean-specialized fauna exhibited low temporal variability and high persistence. Climatic variables showed weak explanatory power, although precipitation had a positive effect on edaphic richness. Our study indicates that MSS invertebrate communities in Iron Formation landscapes exhibit high temporal stability and limited responses to seasonal climatic variation. While edaphic assemblages showed localized temporal changes, subterranean-specialized fauna remained stable through time. These findings highlight the importance of MSS habitats for maintaining subterranean biodiversity in Iron Formation landscapes.