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<p>Ecological corridors play a significant role in maintaining ecological connectivity and supporting biodiversity. The Gambella-Omo-Boma corridor is one of the unprotected, yet proposed, ecological corridors in Southwestern Ethiopia, that connects three national parks. In addition to linking these national parks, the area serves as a transboundary route for birds and mammals moving between Ethiopia and South Sudan. In this study, we evaluated the distribution and diversity of bird species to provide empirical evidence that may inform conservation planning and management decisions concerning the proposed ecological corridor, thereby contributing to broader biodiversity conservation efforts. The sampling sites were stratified into five habitat types (wetland, wooded grassland, open grassland, riparian forest, and forestland) and data were collected using the point transect method. The Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H′) was used to calculate bird diversity. Principal components analysis (PCA) and detrended correspondence analysis (DCA) were used to visualize bird distribution and habitat association respectively. One-way ANOVA was used to compare seasonal abundance, and two-way ANOVA to test the influence of season and habitat on species distribution. From 19 orders and 57 families, 183 Bird species were recorded in both seasons. During the dry season, forestland and wetland habitats had the highest species diversity (H′ 4.08) and (H′ 4.19) respectively. In the wet season, the highest bird diversity was recorded in forestland (H′ 4.34) and wooded grassland (H′ 4.56). Due to strong connectivity with three national parks, the area has higher species diversity in both seasons. However, agricultural expansion and illegal gold mining have been drastically changing the area. Our findings provide baseline ecological data that may inform conservation planning and support transboundary management efforts between Ethiopia and South Sudan, particularly initiatives aimed at enhancing ecological connectivity among Gambella, Omo, and Boma National Parks.</p>

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Avian diversity and spatiotemporal distribution in the unprotected ecological corridor of Gambella–Omo–Boma National Parks, Southwestern Ethiopia: implication for conservation

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月21日

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  • Eskinder Belay Tefera,
  • Tibebu Alemu,
  • Dessalegn Obsi Gemeda,
  • Tariku Mekonnen Gutema

摘要

Ecological corridors play a significant role in maintaining ecological connectivity and supporting biodiversity. The Gambella-Omo-Boma corridor is one of the unprotected, yet proposed, ecological corridors in Southwestern Ethiopia, that connects three national parks. In addition to linking these national parks, the area serves as a transboundary route for birds and mammals moving between Ethiopia and South Sudan. In this study, we evaluated the distribution and diversity of bird species to provide empirical evidence that may inform conservation planning and management decisions concerning the proposed ecological corridor, thereby contributing to broader biodiversity conservation efforts. The sampling sites were stratified into five habitat types (wetland, wooded grassland, open grassland, riparian forest, and forestland) and data were collected using the point transect method. The Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H′) was used to calculate bird diversity. Principal components analysis (PCA) and detrended correspondence analysis (DCA) were used to visualize bird distribution and habitat association respectively. One-way ANOVA was used to compare seasonal abundance, and two-way ANOVA to test the influence of season and habitat on species distribution. From 19 orders and 57 families, 183 Bird species were recorded in both seasons. During the dry season, forestland and wetland habitats had the highest species diversity (H′ 4.08) and (H′ 4.19) respectively. In the wet season, the highest bird diversity was recorded in forestland (H′ 4.34) and wooded grassland (H′ 4.56). Due to strong connectivity with three national parks, the area has higher species diversity in both seasons. However, agricultural expansion and illegal gold mining have been drastically changing the area. Our findings provide baseline ecological data that may inform conservation planning and support transboundary management efforts between Ethiopia and South Sudan, particularly initiatives aimed at enhancing ecological connectivity among Gambella, Omo, and Boma National Parks.