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<p>Conservation measures are essential for forest health, preservation of its ecological integrity and sustainable management. Through conservation, the forest is maintained and protected to preserve biodiversity and cultural values, promote sustainable use and equitable distribution of goods and services such that its capacity to renew itself and be sustainable is not compromised.Various conservation methods, including protected areas, forest reservation, sacred groves, among others, have been adopted to minimise losses and make forests more productive. We assessed the effects of three forest types on the biodiversity conservation status in tropical rainforest zone of in southern Nigeria. Data on overstory, sapling and seedling trees were collected from 72 temporary plots laid across three forest types: primary forests, secondary forests and sacred groves. Various biodiversity indices were computed and compared. Generally, biodiversity indices were lower in secondary forest sites than in primary forest and sacred grove sites. Tree density followed the order: seedling &gt; overstory trees &gt; saplings, which indicates fair regeneration. Irrespective of forest type, Shannon–Wiener diversity index (3.14—3.74) was high in all sites. Pooling understory and overstory data together revealed high species richness (65 to 116) in each forest type. Density of pooled data ranged from 959 to 2,545 trees ha<sup>−1</sup> and was dissimilar across sites. The pooled data of each forest type revealed that species richness and species diversity index were not dependent on forest type as indicated by the non-significance of these indices among the three forest types. However, tree density was significantly affected by forest type. Primary and secondary forests are conventional conservation methods while sacred groves grove is a traditional method. Since the biodiversity indices of sacred grove were generally similar with those of primary forest and better than those of secondary forest, the poorer biodiversity conservation status in secondary forests is attributed to anthropogenic and other forest degradation activities, rather than conservation method.</p>

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Vegetation characteristics and biodiversity conservation potentials of three forest categories in Nigerian rainforest ecosystem

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月10日

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  • Jonathan Chukwujekwu Onyekwelu,
  • Reinhard Mosandl,
  • Bernd Stimm,
  • Amadu Lawal

摘要

Conservation measures are essential for forest health, preservation of its ecological integrity and sustainable management. Through conservation, the forest is maintained and protected to preserve biodiversity and cultural values, promote sustainable use and equitable distribution of goods and services such that its capacity to renew itself and be sustainable is not compromised.Various conservation methods, including protected areas, forest reservation, sacred groves, among others, have been adopted to minimise losses and make forests more productive. We assessed the effects of three forest types on the biodiversity conservation status in tropical rainforest zone of in southern Nigeria. Data on overstory, sapling and seedling trees were collected from 72 temporary plots laid across three forest types: primary forests, secondary forests and sacred groves. Various biodiversity indices were computed and compared. Generally, biodiversity indices were lower in secondary forest sites than in primary forest and sacred grove sites. Tree density followed the order: seedling > overstory trees > saplings, which indicates fair regeneration. Irrespective of forest type, Shannon–Wiener diversity index (3.14—3.74) was high in all sites. Pooling understory and overstory data together revealed high species richness (65 to 116) in each forest type. Density of pooled data ranged from 959 to 2,545 trees ha−1 and was dissimilar across sites. The pooled data of each forest type revealed that species richness and species diversity index were not dependent on forest type as indicated by the non-significance of these indices among the three forest types. However, tree density was significantly affected by forest type. Primary and secondary forests are conventional conservation methods while sacred groves grove is a traditional method. Since the biodiversity indices of sacred grove were generally similar with those of primary forest and better than those of secondary forest, the poorer biodiversity conservation status in secondary forests is attributed to anthropogenic and other forest degradation activities, rather than conservation method.