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<p>The performance of cold asphalt mixtures is strongly governed by the adhesive interaction between asphalt emulsions and mineral aggregates; however, the mechanisms controlling adhesion and cohesion at their interface remain insufficiently characterized, particularly under varying mineralogical and physicochemical conditions. This study evaluates the adhesive capacity, encompassing both adhesion and cohesion, through an integrated experimental framework combining image analysis, Binder Bond Strength (BBS), Zeta Potential (ZP), and Surface Free Energy (SFE). Three representative Colombian aggregates (sandstone, mudstone, and limestone) and two cationic slow-setting emulsions (CSS-1 and CSS-1h) were analyzed. Image-derived parameters captured mineral-specific surface characteristics related to microtexture, macrotexture, and entropy. BBS results revealed substantial performance gains during curing. The mudstone-CSS-1h system exhibited an increase in peak tensile strength (POTS) from 1.810 to 2.142&#xa0;MPa, representing an 18.3% improvement, while sandstone-CSS-1h increased from 0.659 to 1.674&#xa0;MPa, corresponding to a 153.9% increase after 96&#xa0;h of drying. Adhesion work from SFE corroborated these trends, with CSS-1h showing markedly higher interfacial compatibility; for instance, adhesion work for sandstone increased from 75.03&#xa0;erg/cm<sup>2</sup> (CSS-1) to 145.93&#xa0;erg/cm<sup>2</sup> (CSS-1h) in 94.4% enhancement. ZP measurements further supported improved electrostatic affinity for systems dominated by cohesive failure modes. Overall, the mudstone-CSS-1h combination demonstrated consistently superior adhesive behavior across mechanical and energetic criteria, highlighting its potential for the development of higher-performance cold asphalt mixtures.</p>

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Aggregate-Emulsion Adhesive Capacity Assessment for Cold Mix Asphalt Using Multiscale Imaging and Physicochemical Characterization

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月6日

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  • Harry M. Ojeda-Ramírez,
  • Jose A. Prieto-Hernández,
  • Miguel Castilla-Barbosa,
  • Manuel Ocampo-Terreros,
  • Orlando Rincón

摘要

The performance of cold asphalt mixtures is strongly governed by the adhesive interaction between asphalt emulsions and mineral aggregates; however, the mechanisms controlling adhesion and cohesion at their interface remain insufficiently characterized, particularly under varying mineralogical and physicochemical conditions. This study evaluates the adhesive capacity, encompassing both adhesion and cohesion, through an integrated experimental framework combining image analysis, Binder Bond Strength (BBS), Zeta Potential (ZP), and Surface Free Energy (SFE). Three representative Colombian aggregates (sandstone, mudstone, and limestone) and two cationic slow-setting emulsions (CSS-1 and CSS-1h) were analyzed. Image-derived parameters captured mineral-specific surface characteristics related to microtexture, macrotexture, and entropy. BBS results revealed substantial performance gains during curing. The mudstone-CSS-1h system exhibited an increase in peak tensile strength (POTS) from 1.810 to 2.142 MPa, representing an 18.3% improvement, while sandstone-CSS-1h increased from 0.659 to 1.674 MPa, corresponding to a 153.9% increase after 96 h of drying. Adhesion work from SFE corroborated these trends, with CSS-1h showing markedly higher interfacial compatibility; for instance, adhesion work for sandstone increased from 75.03 erg/cm2 (CSS-1) to 145.93 erg/cm2 (CSS-1h) in 94.4% enhancement. ZP measurements further supported improved electrostatic affinity for systems dominated by cohesive failure modes. Overall, the mudstone-CSS-1h combination demonstrated consistently superior adhesive behavior across mechanical and energetic criteria, highlighting its potential for the development of higher-performance cold asphalt mixtures.