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<p>The high demand for coconut products such as oil, milk powder, activated carbon, and desiccated coconut is increasing coconut production and coconut fibers. Despite the excellent physical and mechanical properties of these fibers, they are often discarded or burned due to limited research into alternative uses. This study investigates the potential of waste coconut fibers as a sustainable reinforcement in hot mix asphalt (HMA). Laboratory tests demonstrated that fiber-modified HMA significantly improved stability, indirect tensile strength (ITS), and stiffness, with enhanced performance under varying temperatures. In particular, the stiffness modulus was reduced by around 2.7 times as a result of increasing the testing temperature from 5 to 25&#xa0;°C for the control mix. In contrast, the mix incorporating 0.5% fiber content experienced only a 22% reduction, highlighting superior resistance to thermal variations. On the contrary, control samples showed better resistance to fuel spillage than modified mixes. The possible reason behind the poor fuel resistance of the modified sample could be the excessive presence of hydrophilic coconut fibers, leading to localized fiber clustering and microchannels within the matrix. These pathways facilitate deeper fuel penetration, resulting in binder stripping and increased mass loss. Moreover, a novel photogrammetric approach adopted for the fuel spillage test revealed that aggregates smaller than 10&#xa0;mm are highly susceptible to stripping, particularly at pavement edges and potholes. Additionally, advanced multivariate regression models established predictive relationships between key parameters such as fiber content, bitumen, and aggregate proportions, with ITS under different conditions. This research not only promotes sustainable waste management by repurposing coconut fibers but also presents a cost-effective strategy for enhancing pavement durability and performance. The findings underscore the potential of coconut fiber-modified HMA as an environmentally friendly and resilient solution, particularly for regions with abundant coconut production and climate variability, contributing to the development of sustainable infrastructure.</p>

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Enhancing Pavement Performance and Sustainability: Waste Coconut Fiber-Modified Hot Mix Asphalt for Improved Mechanical Properties and Fuel Spillage Resistance

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月14日

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  • Nasir Khan,
  • Muslich Hartadi Sutanto,
  • Arsalaan Khan Yousafzai,
  • Muhammad Imran Khan,
  • Abdul Muhaimin Memon,
  • Bashar Sami Mohammed,
  • Nura Shehu Aliyu Yaro

摘要

The high demand for coconut products such as oil, milk powder, activated carbon, and desiccated coconut is increasing coconut production and coconut fibers. Despite the excellent physical and mechanical properties of these fibers, they are often discarded or burned due to limited research into alternative uses. This study investigates the potential of waste coconut fibers as a sustainable reinforcement in hot mix asphalt (HMA). Laboratory tests demonstrated that fiber-modified HMA significantly improved stability, indirect tensile strength (ITS), and stiffness, with enhanced performance under varying temperatures. In particular, the stiffness modulus was reduced by around 2.7 times as a result of increasing the testing temperature from 5 to 25 °C for the control mix. In contrast, the mix incorporating 0.5% fiber content experienced only a 22% reduction, highlighting superior resistance to thermal variations. On the contrary, control samples showed better resistance to fuel spillage than modified mixes. The possible reason behind the poor fuel resistance of the modified sample could be the excessive presence of hydrophilic coconut fibers, leading to localized fiber clustering and microchannels within the matrix. These pathways facilitate deeper fuel penetration, resulting in binder stripping and increased mass loss. Moreover, a novel photogrammetric approach adopted for the fuel spillage test revealed that aggregates smaller than 10 mm are highly susceptible to stripping, particularly at pavement edges and potholes. Additionally, advanced multivariate regression models established predictive relationships between key parameters such as fiber content, bitumen, and aggregate proportions, with ITS under different conditions. This research not only promotes sustainable waste management by repurposing coconut fibers but also presents a cost-effective strategy for enhancing pavement durability and performance. The findings underscore the potential of coconut fiber-modified HMA as an environmentally friendly and resilient solution, particularly for regions with abundant coconut production and climate variability, contributing to the development of sustainable infrastructure.