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<p>Given the widespread cultivation of barley and the significant agricultural waste it produces, this study explores the modification of bitumen using barley stalk ash (BSA), which is both abundant and environmentally sustainable. For this purpose, bitumen was mixed with 5, 10, 15 and 20 wt% BSA (by weight of bitumen). The findings of physical tests indicated that BSA increases bitumen’s softening point and viscosity. X-ray Fluorescence Spectroscopy (XRF) analysis revealed that SiO<sub>2</sub> present in BSA can impart pozzolanic properties to the bitumen. However, Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis revealed no significant chemical interaction between the modifier and the base bitumen. A closer examination showed that adding BSA up to 5 wt% enhanced all observed peaks. Moreover, Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) results demonstrated that BSA particles were well dispersed within the modified bitumen. The outcomes from the dynamic shear rheometer (DSR) test indicate that the incorporation of BSA in bitumen modification enhanced rutting resistance by 65%. Moreover, the resistance to fatigue and cracking at low temperatures diminished with rising in BSA content. The findings suggest that the optimal BSA content is 5–10 wt%, which improves bitumen performance at high temperatures by one degree, making it more suitable for use in tropical regions.</p>

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Physical and Rheological Behavior of Modified Bitumen with Barley Stalk Ash Under Different Temperature and Loading Conditions: Introducing a Sustainable Modifier

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月14日

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  • Mahyar Arabani,
  • Mohadeseh Ebrahimi,
  • Janat Farkhondeh,
  • Mostafa Sadeghnejad

摘要

Given the widespread cultivation of barley and the significant agricultural waste it produces, this study explores the modification of bitumen using barley stalk ash (BSA), which is both abundant and environmentally sustainable. For this purpose, bitumen was mixed with 5, 10, 15 and 20 wt% BSA (by weight of bitumen). The findings of physical tests indicated that BSA increases bitumen’s softening point and viscosity. X-ray Fluorescence Spectroscopy (XRF) analysis revealed that SiO2 present in BSA can impart pozzolanic properties to the bitumen. However, Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis revealed no significant chemical interaction between the modifier and the base bitumen. A closer examination showed that adding BSA up to 5 wt% enhanced all observed peaks. Moreover, Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) results demonstrated that BSA particles were well dispersed within the modified bitumen. The outcomes from the dynamic shear rheometer (DSR) test indicate that the incorporation of BSA in bitumen modification enhanced rutting resistance by 65%. Moreover, the resistance to fatigue and cracking at low temperatures diminished with rising in BSA content. The findings suggest that the optimal BSA content is 5–10 wt%, which improves bitumen performance at high temperatures by one degree, making it more suitable for use in tropical regions.