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<p>Research on individuals exposed to national war-related trauma, including terror attacks and armed conflict, has indicated substantial risks for psychiatric disorders, most notably posttraumatic stress disorder. In this context, the October 7, 2023 Hamas massacre and the ensuing war in Israel created a profound context of national war-related trauma, a well-documented risk factor for posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTS). Yet not all individuals exposed to such trauma develop symptoms, pointing to the role of protective and vulnerability factors. As social support and close relationships have been shown to be protective factors for PTS, this study examined whether attachment orientations moderate the association between resilience and PTS in this context. A sample of 864 Israeli adults completed self-report measures of resilience, attachment anxiety and avoidance, and PTS. Results showed that the association between resilience and PTS varied by attachment orientation. Resilience was negatively associated with PTS in individuals reporting low attachment anxiety and avoidance, whereas resilience was positively associated with PTS for individuals reporting high avoidance. These findings underscore the importance of considering attachment-related processes when evaluating resilience in national war-related trauma and contribute to theory by clarifying the interplay between attachment and resilience.</p>

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Attachment Orientations as a Moderator of the Relationship Between Resilience and Posttraumatic Symptoms in War-related Trauma

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月31日

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  • Tali Sasson-Shoshan,
  • Rotem Saar,
  • Hagar Binoun-Chaki,
  • Yoav S. Bergman

摘要

Research on individuals exposed to national war-related trauma, including terror attacks and armed conflict, has indicated substantial risks for psychiatric disorders, most notably posttraumatic stress disorder. In this context, the October 7, 2023 Hamas massacre and the ensuing war in Israel created a profound context of national war-related trauma, a well-documented risk factor for posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTS). Yet not all individuals exposed to such trauma develop symptoms, pointing to the role of protective and vulnerability factors. As social support and close relationships have been shown to be protective factors for PTS, this study examined whether attachment orientations moderate the association between resilience and PTS in this context. A sample of 864 Israeli adults completed self-report measures of resilience, attachment anxiety and avoidance, and PTS. Results showed that the association between resilience and PTS varied by attachment orientation. Resilience was negatively associated with PTS in individuals reporting low attachment anxiety and avoidance, whereas resilience was positively associated with PTS for individuals reporting high avoidance. These findings underscore the importance of considering attachment-related processes when evaluating resilience in national war-related trauma and contribute to theory by clarifying the interplay between attachment and resilience.