<p>Adverse childhood experiences can shape an individual’s attachment patterns and influence lifelong psychological functioning. In this context, insecure attachment is considered a risk factor that hinders the development of resilience. Fearful attachment people exhibit more pronounced negative mental representations of themselves and others, leading to more fragile psychological processes associated with resilience. In this study, fear of happiness and mindfulness were considered as mediating variables that could help explain the underlying psychological processes in the relationship between fearful attachment and resilience. Attachment theory and resilience literature reveal that these variables are closely related to how individuals cope with stress and regulate emotional responses. The study included 427 adults (M = 30.50, SD = 12.99) living in Türkiye. The study model was tested using structural equation modeling (SEM). Findings showed that fearful attachment negatively predicted resilience and mindfulness, while it positively predicted fear of happiness. Furthermore, fear of happiness and mindfulness were found to play a mediating role in the relationship between fearful attachment and resilience. The results indicate that the relationship between fearful attachment and resilience is not only direct but also a more complex structure operating through emotional and cognitive regulation processes. In interventions aimed at improving resilience, fear of happiness, and mindfulness can be considered as variables that can be taken into account both in the development of the theoretical framework and in the implementation processes.</p>