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<p>In the sensorless control strategy for permanent magnet synchronous motors over a wide speed range, traditional hybrid active flux observers typically rely on the current model at low speeds. However, the performance of this approach is significantly degraded by stator resistance mismatches under low-speed conditions, leading to instability. To address this issue, this paper proposes a static compensated voltage-based position observer based on an Extended State Observer (ESO). Compared with the conventional hybrid active flux observer, the proposed method eliminates sensitivity to stator resistance at low speeds and exhibits strong robustness against inductance parameter variations, effectively suppressing position estimation errors in the low-speed region. Furthermore, the proposed strategy does not require high-frequency signal injection, which is advantageous in applications where such injection is undesirable, nor does it rely on d-axis current injection to enhance the stator magnetic field, contributing to reduced phase current magnitudes. Experimental results on a 1.5&#xa0;kW PMSM demonstrate the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed method, which enables stable operation from speeds as low as 0.7% of the rated speed up to the medium and high-speed ranges.</p>

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A Robust Sensorless Control Strategy for PMSM Over a Wide Speed Range

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月2日

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  • Hui Zhang,
  • Chenyang Wu,
  • Haowen Chu

摘要

In the sensorless control strategy for permanent magnet synchronous motors over a wide speed range, traditional hybrid active flux observers typically rely on the current model at low speeds. However, the performance of this approach is significantly degraded by stator resistance mismatches under low-speed conditions, leading to instability. To address this issue, this paper proposes a static compensated voltage-based position observer based on an Extended State Observer (ESO). Compared with the conventional hybrid active flux observer, the proposed method eliminates sensitivity to stator resistance at low speeds and exhibits strong robustness against inductance parameter variations, effectively suppressing position estimation errors in the low-speed region. Furthermore, the proposed strategy does not require high-frequency signal injection, which is advantageous in applications where such injection is undesirable, nor does it rely on d-axis current injection to enhance the stator magnetic field, contributing to reduced phase current magnitudes. Experimental results on a 1.5 kW PMSM demonstrate the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed method, which enables stable operation from speeds as low as 0.7% of the rated speed up to the medium and high-speed ranges.