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<p>In the highly volatile off-grid environment, stable operation control of the DC hydrogen production system is critical for electrolysis efficiency and equipment safety, forming the core foundation for continuous and reliable green hydrogen production. To address bus voltage stability challenges in off-grid DC hydrogen production systems under complex dynamic conditions, proposes a simplified system model utilizing dual-active bridge (DAB) DC-DC converters and their cascaded structure. Furthermore, a coordinated voltage stabilization strategy integrating Linear Extended State Observer (LESO) with Model Predictive Control (MPC) was proposed. This method innovatively couples LESO-based state observation with MPC rolling optimization, enabling adaptive model construction to mitigate adverse effects of parameter uncertainties on MPC stability. The strategy significantly enhances bus voltage recovery after disturbances, reduces voltage fluctuation amplitude, improves system robustness, and employs three-phase shift modulation to optimize the DAB transmission current stress. Simulation results demonstrate that, compared to conventional PI control and Linear Active Disturbance Rejection Control (LADRC), the proposed method delivers superior dynamic response speed and disturbance rejection capability. This work provides a novel approach to ensuring stable operation of off-grid DC hydrogen production systems while expanding MPCs applicability in stability control for high-order nonlinear systems.</p>

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Bus Voltage Control of a DC Off-Grid Hydrogen Production System Based on Linear Extended State Observer and Model Predictive Control

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月30日

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  • Zhongjian Kang,
  • Shuaihua Liu,
  • Dongshun Li,
  • Shengbo Gao

摘要

In the highly volatile off-grid environment, stable operation control of the DC hydrogen production system is critical for electrolysis efficiency and equipment safety, forming the core foundation for continuous and reliable green hydrogen production. To address bus voltage stability challenges in off-grid DC hydrogen production systems under complex dynamic conditions, proposes a simplified system model utilizing dual-active bridge (DAB) DC-DC converters and their cascaded structure. Furthermore, a coordinated voltage stabilization strategy integrating Linear Extended State Observer (LESO) with Model Predictive Control (MPC) was proposed. This method innovatively couples LESO-based state observation with MPC rolling optimization, enabling adaptive model construction to mitigate adverse effects of parameter uncertainties on MPC stability. The strategy significantly enhances bus voltage recovery after disturbances, reduces voltage fluctuation amplitude, improves system robustness, and employs three-phase shift modulation to optimize the DAB transmission current stress. Simulation results demonstrate that, compared to conventional PI control and Linear Active Disturbance Rejection Control (LADRC), the proposed method delivers superior dynamic response speed and disturbance rejection capability. This work provides a novel approach to ensuring stable operation of off-grid DC hydrogen production systems while expanding MPCs applicability in stability control for high-order nonlinear systems.