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<p>As renewable energy, particularly wind power, increasingly penetrates power systems, the share of renewables in the generation mix has risen significantly. The proportion of synchronous generators is gradually decreasing, limiting their spinning reserves and their ability to meet frequency regulation requirements. To prevent steady-state frequency deviations from exceeding acceptable limits, forced wind curtailment may become necessary. However, this adversely affects the economic operation of power systems and hinders the low-carbon transition. This paper proposes a multi-objective optimization dispatch model that incorporates wind power curtailment for frequency regulation. In this model, wind farms contribute to frequency regulation by dynamically curtailing output, thereby providing reserve capacity. A non-standard beta distribution is employed to model wind power forecasting errors, enabling accurate quantification of frequency regulation requirements. The spinning reserves of synchronous generators and the curtailment reserves from wind power are jointly utilized to establish frequency regulation constraints. The optimization model aims to minimize wind power curtailment and system operating costs. Simulation tests conducted on an enhanced IEEE-39 bus system with a high wind power proportion. Results show that the dispatch model optimizes the wind power curtailment ratio, dynamically adjusts wind turbine frequency regulation reserves, and enhances overall frequency regulation. This leads to reduced wind curtailment, improved wind power integration, and increased economic efficiency and frequency stability.</p>

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Research on Optimal Scheduling of High Proportion Wind Power Systems Considering Wind Generation Reserved Frequency Regulation

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月8日

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  • Zhenghui Zhao,
  • Yanying Li,
  • Wenliang Cai,
  • Yang Wang,
  • Yubo Sun,
  • Qian Zhang

摘要

As renewable energy, particularly wind power, increasingly penetrates power systems, the share of renewables in the generation mix has risen significantly. The proportion of synchronous generators is gradually decreasing, limiting their spinning reserves and their ability to meet frequency regulation requirements. To prevent steady-state frequency deviations from exceeding acceptable limits, forced wind curtailment may become necessary. However, this adversely affects the economic operation of power systems and hinders the low-carbon transition. This paper proposes a multi-objective optimization dispatch model that incorporates wind power curtailment for frequency regulation. In this model, wind farms contribute to frequency regulation by dynamically curtailing output, thereby providing reserve capacity. A non-standard beta distribution is employed to model wind power forecasting errors, enabling accurate quantification of frequency regulation requirements. The spinning reserves of synchronous generators and the curtailment reserves from wind power are jointly utilized to establish frequency regulation constraints. The optimization model aims to minimize wind power curtailment and system operating costs. Simulation tests conducted on an enhanced IEEE-39 bus system with a high wind power proportion. Results show that the dispatch model optimizes the wind power curtailment ratio, dynamically adjusts wind turbine frequency regulation reserves, and enhances overall frequency regulation. This leads to reduced wind curtailment, improved wind power integration, and increased economic efficiency and frequency stability.