<p>Hydrostatic transmission (HST) systems are extensively utilized in agricultural machinery, such as tractors, due to their high power density and ability to deliver continuous power transmission. This paper presents a novel direct voltage control scheme for brushless DC (BLDC) motors, developed to regulate the swashplate angle in electric HST systems. Conventional BLDC motor position control methods typically employ nested speed and current control loops, which are not well suited for precise angle control in HST systems—particularly at low speeds where Hall-effect sensor feedback introduces significant delays. The proposed approach eliminates these internal control loops by directly computing the motor’s switching voltage based on the position error. While Hall sensor-based speed information is retained, it is solely used to establish a voltage limit band, thereby mitigating the adverse effects of sensor latency. To ensure appropriate motor speed regulation and current limitation during operation, a simple voltage band is defined as a function of both motor speed and angle error, removing the need for complex current or speed controllers. Furthermore, a hybrid position control strategy that integrates open-loop and closed-loop methods is introduced to enhance positioning accuracy, especially in low-speed or stationary conditions. This strategy also enables precise open-loop control of the HST’s neutral position. The effectiveness of the proposed direct position control method is validated through experimental implementation on an electric HST system, demonstrating rapid dynamic response and accurate position control.</p>

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The Direct Voltage Control Scheme of Brushless DC Motor for the Electric Hydrostatic Transmission (HST) System

  • Dong-Hee Lee

摘要

Hydrostatic transmission (HST) systems are extensively utilized in agricultural machinery, such as tractors, due to their high power density and ability to deliver continuous power transmission. This paper presents a novel direct voltage control scheme for brushless DC (BLDC) motors, developed to regulate the swashplate angle in electric HST systems. Conventional BLDC motor position control methods typically employ nested speed and current control loops, which are not well suited for precise angle control in HST systems—particularly at low speeds where Hall-effect sensor feedback introduces significant delays. The proposed approach eliminates these internal control loops by directly computing the motor’s switching voltage based on the position error. While Hall sensor-based speed information is retained, it is solely used to establish a voltage limit band, thereby mitigating the adverse effects of sensor latency. To ensure appropriate motor speed regulation and current limitation during operation, a simple voltage band is defined as a function of both motor speed and angle error, removing the need for complex current or speed controllers. Furthermore, a hybrid position control strategy that integrates open-loop and closed-loop methods is introduced to enhance positioning accuracy, especially in low-speed or stationary conditions. This strategy also enables precise open-loop control of the HST’s neutral position. The effectiveness of the proposed direct position control method is validated through experimental implementation on an electric HST system, demonstrating rapid dynamic response and accurate position control.