<p>The growing demand for lightweight and sustainable materials in electric vehicle (EV) structural components has prompted the investigation of natural fiber reinforced polymer composites as potential alternatives to traditional metallic materials. This study proposes a systematic framework for selecting a potential polymer matrix for coir fiber reinforced composites designed for use in EV strut bar applications. A hybrid multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) approach, integrating the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Multi-Objective Optimisation on the Basis of Ratio Analysis (MOORA), was used to evaluate six candidate polymers based on mechanical, thermal, processing, durability, sustainability, and economic criteria. The AHP method was used to calculate the relative importance of the evaluation criteria, and MOORA was used to rank the candidate polymers. The analysis determined that polypropylene (PP) was the best polymer matrix due to its balanced performance in mechanical properties, recyclability, processing capability, availability, and cost effectiveness. Following the material selection stage, the mechanical performance of the proposed PP-coir composite was calculated analytically using the modified Rule of Mixtures (ROM) to predict composite tensile strength and stiffness at various fiber loadings. The predicted results show that increasing coir fiber content improves composite stiffness and tensile strength while keeping the density low enough for lightweight applications. Although the predicted strength is lower than that of conventional metallic materials, the PP-coir composite still provides a good strength-to-weight ratio for semi-structural EV components. Overall, the combination of AHP-MOORA decision modelling and micromechanical property prediction provides a practical framework for long-term material selection and promotes the development of lightweight biocomposites materials for future EV structural applications.</p>

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Sustainable Polymer Matrix Selection for Coir Fiber Composites in Electric Vehicle Strut Bar Applications Using a Hybrid AHP–MOORA Approach

  • Febrian Idral,
  • Muhd Ridzuan Mansor,
  • Effendi Mohamad,
  • Basori,
  • Mohd Sapuan Salit

摘要

The growing demand for lightweight and sustainable materials in electric vehicle (EV) structural components has prompted the investigation of natural fiber reinforced polymer composites as potential alternatives to traditional metallic materials. This study proposes a systematic framework for selecting a potential polymer matrix for coir fiber reinforced composites designed for use in EV strut bar applications. A hybrid multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) approach, integrating the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Multi-Objective Optimisation on the Basis of Ratio Analysis (MOORA), was used to evaluate six candidate polymers based on mechanical, thermal, processing, durability, sustainability, and economic criteria. The AHP method was used to calculate the relative importance of the evaluation criteria, and MOORA was used to rank the candidate polymers. The analysis determined that polypropylene (PP) was the best polymer matrix due to its balanced performance in mechanical properties, recyclability, processing capability, availability, and cost effectiveness. Following the material selection stage, the mechanical performance of the proposed PP-coir composite was calculated analytically using the modified Rule of Mixtures (ROM) to predict composite tensile strength and stiffness at various fiber loadings. The predicted results show that increasing coir fiber content improves composite stiffness and tensile strength while keeping the density low enough for lightweight applications. Although the predicted strength is lower than that of conventional metallic materials, the PP-coir composite still provides a good strength-to-weight ratio for semi-structural EV components. Overall, the combination of AHP-MOORA decision modelling and micromechanical property prediction provides a practical framework for long-term material selection and promotes the development of lightweight biocomposites materials for future EV structural applications.