<p>Increasing energy density of battery packs to improve the driving range of electric vehicles (EVs) has led to a greater risk of battery thermal runaway and fire propagation. This issue is particularly more pronounced in pouch-type battery modules and packs, requiring precise cell-level thermal runaway analysis to address it. In this study, battery overcharge and overheating experiments were conducted to analyze the thermal runaway phenomenon of batteries by using the time-series temperature data acquired from experiments and applying Gaussian function-based deconvolution to break down the thermal runaway reaction into a combination of exothermic reaction components. The heat generation, reaction rate, and activation temperature of each reaction were derived and approximated by an Arrhenius function-based thermal reaction rate model to present a thermal runaway analysis model. Based on the model, the thermal runaway temperature behavior of the battery was predicted and compared with the test results to validate the model.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>