Scholarlink

<p>The recalcitrant antibiotics of enrofloxacin (ENT) and amoxicillin (AMT) were difficult to remove by conventional sonication. To address this challenge, a new type of carbon nanotube covalently bonded biochar@Fe<sub>3</sub>C composite (BCM@Fe) was first designed by calcination and employed as a solid cavitation material (SCM) under low-frequency ultrasound (US) conditions to accelerate the removals of ENT and AMT. Compared to conventional carbon nanotube@Fe<sub>3</sub>C composites, BCM@Fe demonstrated significantly improved removal performance, achieving 15.5-fold and 3.50-fold higher removal rates for ENT and AMT, respectively. The removal efficiencies increased by 32.1–32.3% compared with a conventional shake system. Mechanistic studies revealed a dual removal mechanism involving simultaneous adsorption and degradation. The coupling of low-frequency ultrasound with BCM@Fe had synergistic effects; the US promoted the dispersion of the composites and inhibited H<sub>2</sub>O-induced oxidation by generating surface-localized cavitation bubbles. Notably, BC in BCM@Fe was found to amplify cavitation effect with performance strongly correlated with material characteristics such as pH, carbonization degree, aromaticity, hydrophobicity, and graphitization. Degradation differed between antibiotics: the degradation of ENT predominantly occurred at the material surface, while that of AMT took place in the liquid phase. Overall, the successful access to low-cost SCM integrating with low-frequency ultrasound made the possible for potential application in antibiotic wastewater.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

错误：搜索内容不能为空，请输入英文关键词
错误：关键词超出字数限制，请精简
高级检索

Sustainable removals of antibiotics via biochar-enhanced ultrasound cavitation effect: synergy of carbon nanotube bonded biochar@Fe3C composite and low frequency energy efficiency

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月9日

查看全文
  • Ao Wang,
  • Nan Zhao,
  • Lei He,
  • Ye Xiao,
  • Chuanfang Zhao,
  • Siyuan Guo,
  • Xiang Liu,
  • Weihua Zhang,
  • Kunyuan Liu,
  • Rongliang Qiu

摘要

The recalcitrant antibiotics of enrofloxacin (ENT) and amoxicillin (AMT) were difficult to remove by conventional sonication. To address this challenge, a new type of carbon nanotube covalently bonded biochar@Fe3C composite (BCM@Fe) was first designed by calcination and employed as a solid cavitation material (SCM) under low-frequency ultrasound (US) conditions to accelerate the removals of ENT and AMT. Compared to conventional carbon nanotube@Fe3C composites, BCM@Fe demonstrated significantly improved removal performance, achieving 15.5-fold and 3.50-fold higher removal rates for ENT and AMT, respectively. The removal efficiencies increased by 32.1–32.3% compared with a conventional shake system. Mechanistic studies revealed a dual removal mechanism involving simultaneous adsorption and degradation. The coupling of low-frequency ultrasound with BCM@Fe had synergistic effects; the US promoted the dispersion of the composites and inhibited H2O-induced oxidation by generating surface-localized cavitation bubbles. Notably, BC in BCM@Fe was found to amplify cavitation effect with performance strongly correlated with material characteristics such as pH, carbonization degree, aromaticity, hydrophobicity, and graphitization. Degradation differed between antibiotics: the degradation of ENT predominantly occurred at the material surface, while that of AMT took place in the liquid phase. Overall, the successful access to low-cost SCM integrating with low-frequency ultrasound made the possible for potential application in antibiotic wastewater.

Graphical Abstract