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<p>Tactile sensors based on polymer optical fibers (POFs) possess high sensitivity, superior flexibility, and immunity to electromagnetic interference. Nevertheless, the scalable fabrication of sensor arrays capable of accurately resolving multiple contact points remains a challenge. Here, we propose an architecture combining mechanically tailored heterogeneous POFs with a warp-and-weft braided network to achieve high signal-to-noise ratio force measurement and precise localization. This heterogeneous POF architecture is realized by strategically embedding soft-fiber segments within a poly(methyl methacrylate-b-<i>n</i>-butyl acrylate-b-methyl methacrylate) (MAM) fiber backbone, thereby achieving localized mechanical tunability. The results show that the soft fluorinated ethylene propylene/polydimethylsiloxane (FEP/PDMS) POF segment exhibit a robust, material-dependent response to applied force, whereas the MAM fibers remain mechanically insensitive, serving exclusively as optical transmission lines. To construct the sensing network, multiple POFs featuring strategically integrated soft FEP/PDMS segments are interwoven in a warp-and-weft configuration. This architecture forms an array where the sensing nodes are defined by orthogonal soft-fiber intersections. The resulting network enables precise tactile quantification and localization, achieving a force resolution of 0.013 N. This design transforms continuous MAM optical fibers from passive waveguides into discrete, high-sensitivity perception pixels. This pixelation effectively eliminates signal crosstalk and ghosting artifacts, critical bottlenecks inherent in conventional flexible grid sensors. The tactile sensor presents a compelling pathway for advancing wearable sensing technologies in human–computer interaction, soft robotics, and health monitoring.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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A Textile-Integrated Pixelated Tactile Sensor Array Based on Interwoven Heterogeneous Polymer Optical Fibers

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月3日

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  • Xiangyu Yan,
  • Zhencheng Li,
  • Chen Chen,
  • Zhijing Wu,
  • Chuanxin Teng,
  • Kaiwei Li,
  • Zhe Wang,
  • Lei Ren,
  • Luquan Ren,
  • Lei Wei

摘要

Tactile sensors based on polymer optical fibers (POFs) possess high sensitivity, superior flexibility, and immunity to electromagnetic interference. Nevertheless, the scalable fabrication of sensor arrays capable of accurately resolving multiple contact points remains a challenge. Here, we propose an architecture combining mechanically tailored heterogeneous POFs with a warp-and-weft braided network to achieve high signal-to-noise ratio force measurement and precise localization. This heterogeneous POF architecture is realized by strategically embedding soft-fiber segments within a poly(methyl methacrylate-b-n-butyl acrylate-b-methyl methacrylate) (MAM) fiber backbone, thereby achieving localized mechanical tunability. The results show that the soft fluorinated ethylene propylene/polydimethylsiloxane (FEP/PDMS) POF segment exhibit a robust, material-dependent response to applied force, whereas the MAM fibers remain mechanically insensitive, serving exclusively as optical transmission lines. To construct the sensing network, multiple POFs featuring strategically integrated soft FEP/PDMS segments are interwoven in a warp-and-weft configuration. This architecture forms an array where the sensing nodes are defined by orthogonal soft-fiber intersections. The resulting network enables precise tactile quantification and localization, achieving a force resolution of 0.013 N. This design transforms continuous MAM optical fibers from passive waveguides into discrete, high-sensitivity perception pixels. This pixelation effectively eliminates signal crosstalk and ghosting artifacts, critical bottlenecks inherent in conventional flexible grid sensors. The tactile sensor presents a compelling pathway for advancing wearable sensing technologies in human–computer interaction, soft robotics, and health monitoring.

Graphical Abstract