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<p>Lithium-ion capacitors (LICs) are promising energy storage devices that combine the high energy density of lithium-ion batteries and the outstanding power density of supercapacitors. In this study, a dual-carbon LIC utilizing etched vertical graphene-grown carbon nanofibers (eVG@CNFs) as anode and etched hollow carbon nanofibers (ehCNFs) as cathode was presented. The eVG@CNFs feature mesoporous surfaces integrated with vertically aligned graphene sheets, enabling efficient Li<sup>+</sup> insertion, diffusion, and adsorption for excellent capacity and rate performance. The ehCNFs, derived by carbonization of polymeric core–shell nanofibers, possess hollow nanochannels and an ultrahigh specific surface area of 2884.4 m<sup>2</sup>&#xa0;g<sup>−1</sup> with favorable porosity for PF<sub>6</sub>⁻ adsorption. The eVG@CNF//ehCNF LIC operates over a wide operating voltage of 0.8–4.0&#xa0;V and delivers a specific cell capacity of 47.9 mAh g<sup>−1</sup> at 30 A g<sup>−1</sup>. The hybrid dual-carbon LIC achieves a maximum energy density of 268.5 Wh kg<sup>−1</sup> and maintains 115.0 Wh kg<sup>−1</sup> even at an ultrahigh power density of 72&#xa0;kW&#xa0;kg<sup>−1</sup>. Moreover, it shows great cycling stability, retaining over 84.4% capacitance after 12000 charge–discharge cycles. This work highlights the potential of tailored CNF architectures for high-performance energy storage applications.</p>

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Tailoring 3D Carbon Nanofiber Architectures for Enhanced Li+/PF6− Storage in Dual-Carbon Electrodes of High-Performance Lithium-Ion Capacitors

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  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月12日

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  • TaeGyeong Lim,
  • Shin Joon Kang,
  • Hyung Mo Jeong,
  • Ji Won Suk

摘要

Lithium-ion capacitors (LICs) are promising energy storage devices that combine the high energy density of lithium-ion batteries and the outstanding power density of supercapacitors. In this study, a dual-carbon LIC utilizing etched vertical graphene-grown carbon nanofibers (eVG@CNFs) as anode and etched hollow carbon nanofibers (ehCNFs) as cathode was presented. The eVG@CNFs feature mesoporous surfaces integrated with vertically aligned graphene sheets, enabling efficient Li+ insertion, diffusion, and adsorption for excellent capacity and rate performance. The ehCNFs, derived by carbonization of polymeric core–shell nanofibers, possess hollow nanochannels and an ultrahigh specific surface area of 2884.4 m2 g−1 with favorable porosity for PF6⁻ adsorption. The eVG@CNF//ehCNF LIC operates over a wide operating voltage of 0.8–4.0 V and delivers a specific cell capacity of 47.9 mAh g−1 at 30 A g−1. The hybrid dual-carbon LIC achieves a maximum energy density of 268.5 Wh kg−1 and maintains 115.0 Wh kg−1 even at an ultrahigh power density of 72 kW kg−1. Moreover, it shows great cycling stability, retaining over 84.4% capacitance after 12000 charge–discharge cycles. This work highlights the potential of tailored CNF architectures for high-performance energy storage applications.