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<p>Photo/electro-thermal evaporation is a promising tactic for alleviating the scarcity of fresh water, but its practical application still faces many challenges such as weak photoabsorption, high vaporization enthalpy and serious water-electrolysis during photo-thermal/electrothermal evaporation. To solve these problems, inspired by black rose petal and electric heater, we report a biomimetic design of fabric for achieving efficient photothermal/electrothermal desalination. The photo/electrothermal fabric is fabricated by decorating super-hydrophilic MnO<sub>2</sub> nanoplates as shell on hydrophobic carbon fiber (CF) as core via an electro-deposition method. MnO<sub>2</sub> nanoplate decoration as a stone confers three fascinating features (birds): (I) the hydrophilic nature of MnO<sub>2</sub> contributes to the fabric’s superhydrophilicity and decreased evaporation enthalpy (2032&#xa0;kJ kg<sup>−1</sup>) in comparison with that (2410&#xa0;kJ kg<sup>−1</sup>) of pure water; (II) nanoplate structure confers the light-trapping effect and thus the improved photoabsorption efficiency of 95.1%; (III) CF-core/MnO<sub>2</sub>-shell structure can effectively suppress electrolysis of water and lead to good electrothermal conversion property. As a result, CF/MnO<sub>2</sub> fabric-based hanging evaporator shows the high photo-thermal evaporation rate of 2.3&#xa0;kg m<sup>−2</sup> h<sup>−1</sup> at 1 sun (1&#xa0;kW m<sup>−2</sup>) and electrothermal evaporation rate of 5.3&#xa0;kg m<sup>−2</sup> h<sup>−1</sup> at 3&#xa0;V. Importantly, by the combined effects of 1 sun and 3&#xa0;V, CF/MnO<sub>2</sub> fabric achieves a striking synergetic evaporation rate of 8.5&#xa0;kg m<sup>−2</sup> h<sup>−1</sup>, exceeding the sum (7.5&#xa0;kg m<sup>−2</sup> h<sup>−1</sup>) of the individual photo-thermal and electro-thermal evaporation rates. The present high synergetic evaporation performance benefits from efficient photo/electrothermal conversion of the fabric and sufficient water-supplementation at the fiber-water interface resulting from thermosiphon effect. Thus, this study offers a novel possibility in the rational design of photo-electrothermal materials for efficient evaporation of seawater.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Three Birds with One Stone: Decoration of Carbon Fiber Fabric with MnO2 Nanoplates for Efficient Photo/Electro-thermal Evaporation of Seawater

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月3日

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  • Zhouliang Chen,
  • Xiaolong Li,
  • Tianwei Zhai,
  • Zhigang Chen,
  • Mohsen Salimi,
  • Majid Amidpour,
  • Lisha Zhang

摘要

Photo/electro-thermal evaporation is a promising tactic for alleviating the scarcity of fresh water, but its practical application still faces many challenges such as weak photoabsorption, high vaporization enthalpy and serious water-electrolysis during photo-thermal/electrothermal evaporation. To solve these problems, inspired by black rose petal and electric heater, we report a biomimetic design of fabric for achieving efficient photothermal/electrothermal desalination. The photo/electrothermal fabric is fabricated by decorating super-hydrophilic MnO2 nanoplates as shell on hydrophobic carbon fiber (CF) as core via an electro-deposition method. MnO2 nanoplate decoration as a stone confers three fascinating features (birds): (I) the hydrophilic nature of MnO2 contributes to the fabric’s superhydrophilicity and decreased evaporation enthalpy (2032 kJ kg−1) in comparison with that (2410 kJ kg−1) of pure water; (II) nanoplate structure confers the light-trapping effect and thus the improved photoabsorption efficiency of 95.1%; (III) CF-core/MnO2-shell structure can effectively suppress electrolysis of water and lead to good electrothermal conversion property. As a result, CF/MnO2 fabric-based hanging evaporator shows the high photo-thermal evaporation rate of 2.3 kg m−2 h−1 at 1 sun (1 kW m−2) and electrothermal evaporation rate of 5.3 kg m−2 h−1 at 3 V. Importantly, by the combined effects of 1 sun and 3 V, CF/MnO2 fabric achieves a striking synergetic evaporation rate of 8.5 kg m−2 h−1, exceeding the sum (7.5 kg m−2 h−1) of the individual photo-thermal and electro-thermal evaporation rates. The present high synergetic evaporation performance benefits from efficient photo/electrothermal conversion of the fabric and sufficient water-supplementation at the fiber-water interface resulting from thermosiphon effect. Thus, this study offers a novel possibility in the rational design of photo-electrothermal materials for efficient evaporation of seawater.

Graphical Abstract