Trichoderma Enhance Soil Properties in Fusarium Infested Soil and Increase Mineral Nutrients of Chickpea Grains: Findings from Field Experiments
摘要
There is no study that show the effects of Trichoderma inoculation on the soil properties and mineral nutrients of chickpea grains in the presence of Fusarium. Herein, efficacy of Trichoderma asperellum, Trichoderma harzianum (strain A), and Trichoderma harzianum (strain B), was explored in the presence of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceris, on the soil properties and mineral nutrients of chickpea grains, in two years field experiments. The most significant results were exhibited by the treatment involving the mixture of all Trichoderma spp. at concentration 2. This consortium concentration resulted in the most significant disease control (80 and 88% reduction in DI and 80 and 87% reduction in DS) and ultimately the highest increase (65%) in per hectare grain yield of chickpea. The enhancement effects in grain yield can be attributed to increased number of pods plant−1 and 100 grains weight. Moreover, there was 47.8, 35, 34.6, 23.8, 40.9, 26, 21, and 24.6% significant increase in the saturation%, electrical conductivity, soil organic matter%, nitrate-nitrogen, available phosphorous, available potassium, zinc, and iron, respectively, in treatment involving consortium 2 (Cons. C2), as compared to pathogen control (PC). Similarly, there was 10, 27.9, 25.95, 24.8, 23, 24.4, 15.4, 28.5, and 5.9% significant increase in the concentration of protein, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, zinc, iron, copper, magnesium, and sodium of chickpea grains in Cons. C2, as compared to PC. This investigation concluded the practicality of Trichoderma in enhancing properties of soil infested with Fusarium, thereby increasing grain nutrients in the Fusarium infected chickpea plants.