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<p>Intensifying cropping systems with cover crops enhances water and radiation use efficiency and increases overall crop rotation productivity. However, the impact of cover crop management, particularly N fertilization, on resource productivity remains less studied. This study aimed to (i) evaluate the effect of N fertilization in grass cover crops on rainfall and radiation productivity compared to soybean monoculture and (ii) determine the impact of cover crops with and without N fertilization on soybean yield.&#xa0;Three crop sequences were assessed over three growing seasons: soybean (<i>Glycine max</i> (L.) Merr.) monoculture (Control), oat (Avena sativa L.) cover crop/soybean, and N-fertilized oat cover crop/soybean. Cover crop biomass, N accumulation, and soybean yield were measured. Rainfall and radiation productivity were calculated.&#xa0;N fertilization increased cover crop biomass by up to 2160&#xa0;kg ha⁻¹ and N accumulation by up to 47&#xa0;kg N ha⁻¹. Soybean yield was not affected by cover crops. Water and radiation productivity improved with cropping system intensification (i.e., greater crop presence over time). Moreover, N fertilization further enhanced both water and radiation productivity compared to non-fertilized cover crop.&#xa0;Here, we show that N fertilization improves cover crop productivity and residue quality without compromising soybean yield. Evaluating the economic feasibility of N fertilization is crucial, considering both costs and the ecosystem services provided by intensified cropping systems.</p>

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Fertilizing cover crops enhances resource use efficiency while sustaining soybean yield

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月2日

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  • Cecilia Crespo,
  • Juan Pablo Martínez,
  • María Pía Rodríguez,
  • Walter Daniel Carciochi,
  • Nicolás Wyngaard,
  • Agustina Tordó,
  • Lucila Bassi,
  • Pablo Andrés Barbieri

摘要

Intensifying cropping systems with cover crops enhances water and radiation use efficiency and increases overall crop rotation productivity. However, the impact of cover crop management, particularly N fertilization, on resource productivity remains less studied. This study aimed to (i) evaluate the effect of N fertilization in grass cover crops on rainfall and radiation productivity compared to soybean monoculture and (ii) determine the impact of cover crops with and without N fertilization on soybean yield. Three crop sequences were assessed over three growing seasons: soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) monoculture (Control), oat (Avena sativa L.) cover crop/soybean, and N-fertilized oat cover crop/soybean. Cover crop biomass, N accumulation, and soybean yield were measured. Rainfall and radiation productivity were calculated. N fertilization increased cover crop biomass by up to 2160 kg ha⁻¹ and N accumulation by up to 47 kg N ha⁻¹. Soybean yield was not affected by cover crops. Water and radiation productivity improved with cropping system intensification (i.e., greater crop presence over time). Moreover, N fertilization further enhanced both water and radiation productivity compared to non-fertilized cover crop. Here, we show that N fertilization improves cover crop productivity and residue quality without compromising soybean yield. Evaluating the economic feasibility of N fertilization is crucial, considering both costs and the ecosystem services provided by intensified cropping systems.