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<p>This study evaluates the effects of urea phosphate (UP) application on soil properties, maize growth, and yield in coastal calcareous saline-alkali soils, elucidating yield-enhancement mechanisms to advance innovative phosphorus management in marginal lands.&#xa0;A two-year field experiment was conducted using maize (<i>Zea mays</i> L.) as the test crop. Soil pH, bulk density, available phosphorus (P), phosphatase activity, root length density, maize yield, and P utilization efficiency were measured. Principal component analysis (PCA) and Pearson correlation analysis were used to assess relationships between soil properties and maize yield.&#xa0;Compared to conventional P fertilizer, UP treatment at full P application significantly increased maize yield by 13.55%-18.89% and P utilization efficiency by 7.09–7.21% points. There was no significant difference in yield between the 50% reduced-P UP treatment and the full-rate conventional P treatment. UP treatment reduced soil pH by 0.15–0.28, increased available P by 21.25%-58.90%, enhanced soil phosphatase activity by 8.21%-10.46%, and improved root length density by 26.19%-28.97%. PCA and correlation analysis revealed that maize yield was negatively correlated with soil pH and positively correlated with root length density, available phosphorus, and phosphatase activity.&#xa0;The application of urea phosphate in coastal saline-alkali soils effectively improves soil quality, enhances phosphorus availability, and boosts maize productivity. UP demonstrates potential for achieving stable yields with reduced fertilizer input, making it a promising alternative to conventional phosphorus fertilizers in saline-alkaline conditions.</p>

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Application of Urea Phosphate to Increase Soil Phosphorus Supply Intensity, Maize yield, and Phosphate Fertilizer Utilization Efficiency in Saline-Alkaline Soil

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月2日

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  • Guiting Yang,
  • Yuezhuo Zhuang,
  • Zhiguang Liu,
  • Min Zhang,
  • Yu Wang,
  • Ming Zhang,
  • Qi Chen

摘要

This study evaluates the effects of urea phosphate (UP) application on soil properties, maize growth, and yield in coastal calcareous saline-alkali soils, elucidating yield-enhancement mechanisms to advance innovative phosphorus management in marginal lands. A two-year field experiment was conducted using maize (Zea mays L.) as the test crop. Soil pH, bulk density, available phosphorus (P), phosphatase activity, root length density, maize yield, and P utilization efficiency were measured. Principal component analysis (PCA) and Pearson correlation analysis were used to assess relationships between soil properties and maize yield. Compared to conventional P fertilizer, UP treatment at full P application significantly increased maize yield by 13.55%-18.89% and P utilization efficiency by 7.09–7.21% points. There was no significant difference in yield between the 50% reduced-P UP treatment and the full-rate conventional P treatment. UP treatment reduced soil pH by 0.15–0.28, increased available P by 21.25%-58.90%, enhanced soil phosphatase activity by 8.21%-10.46%, and improved root length density by 26.19%-28.97%. PCA and correlation analysis revealed that maize yield was negatively correlated with soil pH and positively correlated with root length density, available phosphorus, and phosphatase activity. The application of urea phosphate in coastal saline-alkali soils effectively improves soil quality, enhances phosphorus availability, and boosts maize productivity. UP demonstrates potential for achieving stable yields with reduced fertilizer input, making it a promising alternative to conventional phosphorus fertilizers in saline-alkaline conditions.